Organic Chemistry III

Professor Carl C. Wamser

Chem 336 - Spring 2009

Chapter 20 Notes

Carboxyl Derivatives

Carboxyl Derivatives

distinguished from aldehydes and ketones because one substituent is NOT C or H
(usually Cl, O, or N, but it could also be other F, Br, I, S, P, or many other possibilities)

Nomenclature of Carboxyl Derivatives

Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution

Reactivity in Acyl Nucleophilic Substitution

Examples of Acyl Nucleophilic Substitution


Conversion of Acid Halides into Other Carboxyl Derivatives

Conversion of Acid Anhydrides into Other Carboxyl Derivatives

Synthesis of Esters

Hydrolysis of Esters

Other Reactions of Esters

Synthesis of Amides

Reactions of Amides

Synthesis of Nitriles

Reactions of Nitriles

Thiol Esters

Summary - Hydride Reductions

Summary - Interconversion of Carboxyl Derivatives