smaller scale technologies are often very useful
examples relating to water:
- windmill driven water pumps
- solar (photovoltaic) driven water pumps
- deep wells need bigger arrays (1 kwatt)
- shallow wells and shorter distances - smaller arrays (80 watts)
- shallow water treadle pump
- drip irrigation
- as installed in Nicaragua
importance of this scale of technology (not just for water)
- individual installations are cheaper and can be funded locally
- community is involved
- can be fixed locally
- can be changed or improved more easily
- innovation can spread through the adoption of the components in fresh ways
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