problem-types-action.html

Problems types and action

follows from: problem-types.html

Decision types

Table 1. Types of environmental problems and decisions.

 
alignment between costs and values
good poor
simple

EASY

  • traditional science will work
  • policies and regulations can be created

CPR

  • traditional science will work
  • set up institutions in the community (Ostrom)
complex

INFORMATION

  • problem based science (Norton)
  • strong inference (Platt)
  • decrease uncertainty through management actions (Norton)
  • delimit interderminancy (Pahl-Wostl)
  • adaptive management

WICKED

  • problem based science (Norton)
  • stong inference (Platt)
  • post-normal science (Funtowicz and Ravetz)
  • accounting for values using triple bottom line (****) or heteroglossic accounting (****)
  • taking entrepreneurial action in absence of well defined institutional structure and/or shifting nature of current institutions
  • participate in social entrepreneurism network

 

Link to:

post-normal science

traditional science

paradigm shift

adaptive management

examples of CPR

social entrepreneurism

 

 

 

References.

Cunningham & Saigo 2001

Funtowicz, S. and J. Ravetz. (****). Post-normal science: Environmental policy under conditions of complexity.

???? Triple bottom line.

MacIntryre??? Heteroglossic Accounting

Norton, B. G. (2005). Sustainability: A philosophy of adaptive ecosystem management. Chicago, University of Chicago Press.

Ostrom, E. (****) Governing the commons.

Ostrom, Elinor and James Walker. 1997. Neither markets nor states: Linking tranformation processes in collection action arenas. Chap 3. in Perspectives on Public Choice. Dennis C. Mueller, editor.Cambridge University Press. pages 35-72. HB 846.8 .P47 1997 (Sept 2002)

Pahl-Wostl, C. (1998). Ecosystem organization across a continuum of scales: A comparative analysis of lakes and rivers. Ecological Scale. D. L. Peterson, and V. Thomas Parker. New York, NY, Columbia University Press: 141 - 170.

Platt 1964