ie/cases/houses.html

Material and Energy Audits for House Construction and Use

References:

Keoleian, Gregory A., Steven Blanchard and Peter Reppe 200?. Life-cycle energy, costs, and strategies for improving a single-family house. Journal of Industrial Ecology.4(2):135-156.

Nishioka, Yurika, Yukio Yanagisawa and John D. Spengler. 200?. Saving energy versus saving materials: Life-cycle inventory analysis of housing in a cold-climate region of Japan. Journal of Industrial Ecology. 4(1):119-135.

Parker, Danny. 2003. Cool roofs for hot climates. The Journal of Light Construction. 21(9):75-81.

Single family home

Keoleian et al

use phase of house (50 years) accounted for 91% of the life cycle energy

life cycle greenhouse (CO2) emmisions wer 1,010 metric tons for standard house vs. 370 metric tods for the energy-efficient house

cost of energy vs. cost of the mortgage debt is a crucial financial consideration

potential changes in energy costs

potential carbon taxes

compliance costs are $94.4 to $165.3 per metric ton

offset costs are what?

 

assumptions, what they did and didn't model

for example - landscaping not considered

 

US electricity production is only 32% efficient

increases in general electricity efficiency would decrease any differences between SH and EEH

energy use

EEH 156 kWh m^-2 y^-1

SH 390 kWh m^-2 y^-1

Cold-climate home

vertically integrated factory-built homes

energy intensity was 3.9 GJ m^-2 of floor area (59% higher than convential home)

CO2 emmisions were 293 kg m^-2

after discounting for the amount of CO2 that trees store compared to how much they grow

it takes 1.47 kg of CO2 to make 1 kg of wood

VIH 21% higher residents (per m^2) but 17% lower energy

explore some of the claims and uncertainties

hogfuel generation (pg 132)

 

 

 

Heat gain through roofs can make up a major portion of the heat load

Parker 2003

Compared 7 cases - for cooling load

draw on board - from page 80