December 1, 2008
Handback
short written #2 - comments
read & discuss #4
time
topics and question types
ESR221 in winter or springESR222 in spring or summer
other courses for Env Studies
- ESR330 in spring - two versions
- sustainability and scientific adaptive management - learn in academic setting and from "the environment"
- sort of normal with 2 required field trips instead of class for two weeks
- Spain tour - (really good deal, especially if you're paying out-of-state tuition)
Capstones - if you're a junior you might want to look at the selection for summer
A. description of a system
B. factors that control that system
Cities are important
centers of education, new ideas and exchange of those
some comparison between structure of cities and brain
engines of innovation
spread of innovation, usually starts at cities
Hagerstrand, Torsten.1967. Innovation Diffusion as a spatial process
social structures that promote change - elites in bureacratic positions of power
PSU played a role in this city (needle exchange - Hugo Maynard, other examples)
Portland has engagement (from watershed councils)
Putnam, R.D. 1993. Making Democracy Work: Traditions in modern Italy.
Putnam - Bowling Alone
Putnam & Feldstein 2003 Better Together" Restoring the American Community
with a chapter on Portland - "Portland: A positive epidemic of civic engagement"
1. urban growth
(positive feedbacks for big cities - jobs, crime in rural areas, closely related to the poverty cycle)
megacities
proportion of population in large cities
48% now
(developed, developing)
quality of city life
improvements
densitiy - pollution
2. Processses in urban areas
urban areas as processors of material
good aspects - recycling and lower use
bad aspects - not self sustaining, density/pollution, poverty
urban poor -
transportation systems
mass vs. individual
automobiles and their effect
taxes and fees
multiple transportation options (why it's good to live in Portland)
3. sprawl - 6 factors that lead to
- ample land
- home loans
- low-cost gas
- mortgage write-off on taxes
- zoning - separation of business and residential
- numerous governments (city, county, etc)
undesirable aspects of sprawl
4. Urban planning and land use (another reason to learn about this in Portland)
smart growth
new urbanism
- Orenco Station
- Villebois
strategies
- Curitiba- example
- land use zoning - Oregon
- protect spaces
- greenbelt and parks
- hand and fingers -
- cluster development
ecocity concept
emphasis on good ecological design
- reduce pollution
- energy efficiency
- recycling
- solar and local energy
- protect biodiversity
- urban gardens and markets
- green design of buildings
- sewage treatment - "Living Machines"
5. reasons to visit -
(learn from visiting - what's hype, what's working, what's not)
Curitiba
Spain
Bahamas
Other resources
Green Urbanism
London study systems view