Study Guide for Final Exam

Format of exam: 13 multiple choice questions, 8 photographs or images (you will be asked to draw on one of them), 7 mini-essay questions, including coming up with terms from memory, 7 matching (where you have a list of many more possible answers than you will use).

Things to know:
Faults:  normal, reverse, thrust, right-lateral strike-slip, left-lateral strike-slip - the stress associated with each - the focal mechanism diagrams associated with each - for a strike-slip fault be able to identify the fault and auxiliary planes - strike, dip, hanging wall, footwall, stress and straine
Seismic waves -P, S, Rayleigh, Love, and what the motion looks like
Phase diagram - what is meant by liquidus and solidus
Cation and Anion and what atoms do to become one
Be able to discuss seismic discontinuities, including the low velocity zone, the MOHO, and the transition zone, and what these correspond to (why they are there).
Know the chemical (core, mantle, crust) vs. mechanical (inner core, outer core, mesosphere, asthenosphere, lithosphere) layers of the earth.  Earthquakes occur in lithosphere.  Most magma comes from asthenosphere (which corresponds to the low velocity zone).
Know the different types of volcanoes: cinder cone, caldera, composite volcano, shield volcano, spatter cone and recognize one in an image.  Understand what sort of mamga these are created by (ultrmafic, mafic, intermediate, felsic) and where (hot spot, rift valley, subduction zone)
Know the difference between magnitude and intensity
Know the difference between forecasting and predicting an earthquake
Know the difference between hypocenter/focus and epicenter
know what is meant by slickensides