ESR 425 , ESR 524

WETLAND ECOLOGY AND REGULATIONS

WEEK 2 LECTURE 2


Stress Experienced In Wetlands
Protists
Vascular Plants
Animals
Wetland Delineation
Vegetation Indicator Status
Wetland Soil Indicators
Hydrology Indicators
Delineation Method

Whiteboard



Stress Experienced In Wetlands

Anoxia

Salt Concentrations

Water Fluctuation

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Protists

Anoxia

Ability to use internal organic compounds as electron acceptors

Ability to use inorganic ions in respiration

Ability to use specific electron acceptors rather than oxygen

-sulfate

-ammonia

-ferrous

Salt

Complex potassium in cytoplasm

Enzymes function normally

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Vascular Plants

Anoxia

Structural

Nutrient absorption

Metabolic

Whole Plant Strategies

Salt

Barriers

Secretory organs

Water

Photosynthesis

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Animals

Anoxia

Specialized organs for gas exchange

Mechanism to improve oxygen gradient

Better circulation system

Decrease activity during oxygen stress

Shifts metabolic pathways

Salt

Control internal osmotic concentrations

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Wetland Delineation

Purpose

Jurisdictional

Scientific

Definition

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers:

inundated or saturated by surface or ground water at frequency / duration sufficient to support vegetation adapted to saturated soil conditions.

Diagnostic Characteristics

Vegetation

Soils

Hydrology

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Vegetation Indicator Status Categories

 Obligate Wetland

 OBL

 >99%

 Facultative Wetland

 FACW

 >67% to 99%

 Facultative

 FAC

 33% to 67%

 Facultative Upland

 FACU

 1% to < 33%
 Obligate Upland

 UPL

 <1%

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Wetland Soil Indicators

NRCS Hydric Soil

Field Indicators

Organic Soils

Gleyed

Mineral Soils

~Chroma 1 with or without mottles

~Chroma 2 with mottles

Sulfidic Material

Sandy Soils

~High organic content at surface

~Streaked

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Hydrology Indicators

Recorded Data

U.S. Corps of Engineers

USGS

State / Local Agencies

Field Data

Soil Saturation

Watermarks

Drift Lines

Sediment Deposits

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Delineation Method

Preliminary Data

USGS Quadranlge Maps

NWI Maps

Soil Survey

Stream Gage

EISs

State Wetland Determinations

Local Wetland Inventories

Aerial Photographs

In-Field Data

Visual Changes

Chose Representative Points

Characterize Each Change

Vegetation

Soils

Hydrology

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