Geocode Street
Addresses
Introduction
You will geocode 10 street
addresses by using a reference street shapefile
derived from the 2000 TIGER/Line file. The street addresses are stored in an
ASCII file (cda_add.txt) as plain text. The street polyline
shapefile (Kootenai_TIGERLINE.shp)
provides the coordinate information for converting the address texts into point
features. The reference street file must have attribute fields containing
information that can be related to the text addresses. The procedures below
show you how to do geocoding in ArcGIS.
Instructions
The sample data are available in the
I:\Students\Instructors\Geoffrey_Duh\GISMarketing\Geocoding folder. Copy these
data to your working folder in C:\Users before you continue.
- Double-click on the
address text file to view its content. Add Kootenai_TIGERLINE.shp to ArcMap and view its attribute table. Parse the first
record in the text file and fill the table below.
Address
Field Name
|
Value
|
House
Number
|
|
Prefix
Direction
|
|
Prefix
Type
|
|
Street
Name
|
|
Street
Type
|
|
Suffix
Direction
|
|
Zone
(Zip code)
|
|
- You will need an Address
Location to do geocoding in ArcMap.
Address locators use a specific process to find a location. First, the
search parameter—often an address—is parsed into individual
address components. Next, the address locator standardizes the address,
defining the correct format of presentation. The address elements are then
assigned to specific categories used in the search. The address locator
then searches the reference data to find potential candidates. Each
potential candidate is assigned a score based on how closely it matches
the address. Finally, the address is matched to the candidate with the
best score. To create an address locator for your specific address format,
open ArcToolbox and start the Create Address
Locator tool in the Geocoding Tools toolset.
- Set address locator
style to “US Streets with Zone”, Kootenai_TIGERLINE.shp
as the reference data, and role as Primary table. The US Streets
with Zone style is closest to the geocoding
style of Kootenai_TIGERLINE.shp.
- Use the table below to
map the first 4 fields and accept default values for the others.
Field Name
|
Alias Name
|
House from left
|
FRADDL
|
House to left
|
TOADDL
|
House from right
|
FRADDR
|
House to right
|
TOADDR
|
….
|
Accept default values for others
|
- Specify an output name
and click OK to process.
- When done, click the
Tools menu in ArcMap, point to Geocoding, and select Geocoding
Addresses. If the Address Locator you just created doesn’t show up,
then click the Add button and add the Address Locator. Click OK to
continue.
- Specify the cda_add.txt
file as the address table. Note that the first line of the file is parsed
as a field name record. Provide the name for the output shapefile or feature class. You can also take a look
at the additional options of the geocoding tool.
Click OK to continue.
- The Review/Rematch
Addresses dialog shows that 9 out of 10 addresses are matched and one is
unmatched. You can manually match the unmatched addresses to improve the
match rate. Click the Match Interactively button to open the Interactive
Review dialog. The dialog shows that the unmatched address is 2759 W Kathleen Ave
and the Zip code is 83814. It turns out that the correct Zip code is
83815. Change the value in the Zone field to 83815 and click on any other
field in the dialog. The Candidate field shows 21 candidates and their
matching score. Select the one with a score of 100 (i.e., perfect match)
and click Match button to match the address. The Status of that record now
changes from U to M.
- Click Close to dismiss
the dialog. The Review/Rematch Addresses dialog shows 100% of the
addresses matched with score 80 -100. Click Done
to dismiss the dialog. You can now see the 10 geocoded
points on the map. This completes the geocoding
process.
- For your own reference,
you can check if the RLIS street
layer can be used as the reference for geocoding.