1. The ultimate purpose of statistical analysis is collect data, randomly gather a subset of the population, and then
    1. analyze the resulting run chart for process stability
    2. compare order statistics such as the median to other statistics such as the mean
    3. calculate the needed summary statistics
    4. generalize the results to the entire population
  2. Sampling error results from the
    1. using the median in place of the mean
    2. consequence of a poor sampling frame
    3. mistake of not using a random sample
    4. amount of fluctuation of a statistic calculated from sample to sample
  3. The formula for the normal curve
    1. contains a squared mean deviation score
    2. is based on both the sine and cosine function
    3. requires many lines for which to express its complexity
    4. is unknown
  4. The shape of a histogram of sample data from a normal population _____ the shape of a normal curve

    5. a. mirrors   b. equals   c. is unrelated to   d. approximates  

  5. For the normal distribution, the _____ becomes the natural scale for assessing how far a value is from the mean

    6. a. standard deviation   b. squared deviation   c. interquartile range   d. median  

  6. When conducting an hypothesis test of the mean, if the distance between the sample mean and the hypothesized mean is large
    1. conclude that the data are consistent with, but do not prove, the hypothesized value
    2. the margin of error is small
    3. reject the hypothesized value as being unreasonable
    4. the margin of error is too large
  7. A population value is

    8. a. unknown   b. directly calculated   c. of secondary interest   d. known  

  8. The primary difficulty in obtaining the true population values, such as for the population mean, is
    1. improper computer analysis
    2. lack of funding
    3. lack of understanding of statistical principles
    4. random fluctuation
  9. Sampling from a population so that each element of the population can only be chosen once is called
    1. sampling with replacement
    2. systematic sampling
    3. sampling without replacement
    4. random sampling
  10. In a normal distribution, about what percentage of values have a standard score above 2.00?

    11. a. 20%   b. 2%   c. 50%   d. 70%