Father: John Hastings, Sr.
Mother: Jane *****

Spouse-1: Thomas Black - b: Ireland
  m: ~1816 - Ireland

Child: Jane - b: 28/Dec/1816 - Co. Fermanagh, Ireland
                     d: 7/Sep/1897 - bur: Hiramsburg Cem., Noble Co., OH
                     m: Nathan P. Cope - 21/Sep/1841 - Harrison Co., OH

Spouse-2: George Carrothers - b: 1/May/1785 - Ireland
  d: 14/Dec/1863 - Moorefield Twp., Harrison Co., OH - bur: Nottingham Cem.
  m: ~1828 - OH

Child-1: Sarah Ann - b: 28/Jun/1829 - Harrison Co., OH
                                  d: 23/Feb/1864 - bur: Nottingham Cem., Harrison Co., OH
                                 m: James Wilson - 31/Jan/1861 - Harrison Co., OH
          2: Beatty - b: 14/Mar/1832 - Harrison Co., OH
                           d: 17/Sep/1917 - Moorefield Twp., Harrison Co., OH - bur: Rankin Cem.
                          m: Martha Jane McClintock - 27/Nov/1856 - Harrison Co., OH
                          m: Ailsa Johnson - 21/Jun/1860 - Harrison Co., OH
          3: Eliza - b: 14/Mar/1834 - Harrison Co., OH
                         d: 4/Sep/1876 - bur: Nottingham Cem., Harrison Co., OH
                        m: Jackson Kennedy - 3/Apr/1851 - Harrison Co., OH
          4: Mary - b: 2/Jan/1837 - Harrison Co., OH
                         d: 8/Aug/1864 - Moorefield Twp., Harrison Co., OH - bur: Nottingham Cem.
          5: Christopher E. - b: 23/Jan or Jul/1840 - Harrison Co., OH
                                        d: 15/Feb/1921 - Lopez Island, San Juan Co., WA - bur: Lopez Union Cem.
                                       m: Julia Dodge - m: Henrietta Alberta Eligh - 18/Nov/1898 - San Juan Co., WA

Biographical Details:

It is unequivocal family tradition that Anne Hastings was the daughter of John, Sr., and Jane Hastings and was born in Ireland on May 1, 1798, in County Fermanagh.  This relationship is implied by specific bequests made in the will of John Hastings, Sr., in which Jane Black is identified as the daughter of Ann Carrathers (Carrothers) and Sarah Ann Carrathers (Carrothers) as his granddaughter.  Moreover, a history of the Cope family published in the 1860's further identified Jane Black, daughter of Thomas and Ann Black, of Harrison County, Ohio, as the wife of Nathan P. Cope.¹  They were married on September 21, 1841, in Harrison County, Ohio, and subsequently moved to Noble County where he practiced as a physician.  Accordingly, Nathan Cope can be identified with confidence as the older brother of Elizabeth Cope, who had married James Hastings, the son of William Hastings and grandson of John Hastings, Sr., the previous year.  Furthermore, Jane Black Cope, indicated in later census records that she had been born in Ireland and that both her parents had also been born in Ireland.  Moreover, her tombstone indicates that she was born in December of 1816 (although a published history of the Cope family indicates that she was born January 17, 1820, which seems too late; hence, the earlier date seems more likely to be correct).  Therefore, it is a reasonable presumption that Thomas Black and Anne Hastings were married in Ireland, probably about 1816; however, it would also seem that he died in Ireland since a later published account implies, at least circumstantially, that Anne Hastings immigrated to the United States without a husband.²  Evidently in 1828 Anne Hastings married George Carrothers in Harrison County.  He had at least five children from a previous marriage and he and Anne subsequently had five children of their own who were listed by name in the population schedule of the 1850 US Census for Harrison County.  Moreover, the family was also listed as resident in Moorefield Township in the earlier 1840 population schedule for Harrison County, and at that time included an adult couple, a female of between fifteen and twenty years of age, a female between ten and fifteen years, a male and a female between five and ten, and a male and a female under five.  This is in exact accord with the family of George and Anne Hastings Carrothers if the oldest daughter is identified as Jane Black and the remaining five children as Sarah, Beatty, Eliza, Mary, and Christopher Carrothers.  (Their younger son, Christopher, reportedly went to Japan as a missionary in 1869 and although he apparently settled in the San Juan Islands after his return, it is not definitely known when this was.^3,4,5)  It appears that George and Anne Carrothers remained in Harrison County for the remainder of their lives since census records of 1860 indicate that they were still resident in Moorefield Township.  George Carrothers died in Harrison County in December of 1863.  Anne Hastings Black Carrothers survived until January 14, 1886.  She is buried in the Nottingham Cemetery.

1. Anonymous, History of Noble County, Ohio, Published by L.H. Watkins & Co., Chicago, IL, 1887: pg. 198.
     "DR. NATHAN P. COPE was for several years engaged in medical practice at Hiramsburgh.  He was born in Harrison County, July 15, 1815, and was a member of the Society of Friends.  In 1841 he married Jane Black, who is still living, near Hiramsburgh.  They reared a family of eight children.  Dr. Cope settled at Hiramsburgh in 1847 and remained until his death, in March, 1868."
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2. H. J. Eckley (Carroll Co.) and William T. Perry (Harrison Co.), History of Carroll and Harrison Counties, Ohio, The Lewis Pub. Co., Chicago, IL & New York, NY, 1921: pgs. 968-9.
     "CRAWFORD D. CARROTHERS may well take satisfaction in the fact that he is the owner of the fine old homestead farm upon which he was born and reared and which, comprising 165 acres, is one of the model farmsteads of Moorefield Township, Harrison County.  Mr. Carrothers is a representative of a family whose name has been identified with the history of Harrison County for more than a century and of the children of his parents he is the only one of the number remaining in this county.
     Mr. Carrothers was born on his present farm, as previously noted, and the date of his nativity was July 1, 1865.  He is a son of Beatty and Ailsa (Johnson) Carrothers, both likewise native of Harrison County the father having been born in Nottingham Township, March 14, 1832, and the mother having been born July 10, 1839; their marriage was solemnized June 21, 1860.  Beatty Carrothers was a son of George and Ann (Hastings) Carrothers, natives of Ireland.  George Carrothers was born in the year 1784, a son of James Carrothers, and in 1803 he came from the Emerald Isle to America.  He first located in Washington County, Pennsylvania. and there, about the year 1810, he wedded Miss Jane Hall, who was born February 2, 1791.  They became the parents of five children-James, John, George, William and Margaret.  About the year 1813 Mr. and Mrs. Carrothers came from the old Keystone State and established their home in Nottingham Township, Harrison County, Ohio, where he obtained 320 acres of Government land and initiated the development of a farm from the forest wilds.  He was one of the resourceful and successful pioneer farmers of the county, commanded unqualified popular esteem, and here remained until his death, December 4. 1863, his religious faith having been that of the United Presbyterian Church, as his ancestors were of the religious seceders who left their native Scotland and established a home in Ireland.  The first wife of George Carrothers died February 2, 1828, and for his second wife he married Miss Ann Hastings, who was born in County Fermanagh, Ireland, May 1, 1798, and who accompanied her parents to America about the year 1820.  Of this union were born five children.  Four are now deceased: Sarah became the wife of James Wilson; Beatty, father of Crawford D., was the next in order of birth; Eliza became the wife of Jackson Kennedy;  Mary died when young; and Christopher went, in 1869 as a missionary to Japan where later he became a government teacher and is now living on Tapaz (sic - Lopez) Island, Washington.  Mrs. Carrothers survived her husband by more than twenty years, was a devout member of the Presbyterian Church. and her death occurred January 14, 1886.
     Beatty Carrothers was but four years of age when his parents removed to the farm, in Moorefield Township, which was to continue his place of residence during the remainder of his long, active and worthy life, his death having occurred September 17, 1917, and his widow being now a resident on home farm, this county.  November 26, 1856, recorded his marriage to Miss Martha J. McClintock, who died March 26, 1859, and their only child, Winfield, died the following June.  On the 21st of June, 1860, Mr. Carrothers wedded Miss Ailsa Johnson, who survives him.  They became the parents of five children: Johnson R. married Miss Mayme Kenney and they now reside in the city of Lincoln, Nebraska; George married Anna Johnson and they maintain their home at Los Angeles, California; Crawford D., of this sketch, was the next in order of birth; Sadie M. is the wife of Howard H. Moore, of Washington, D. C.; and William C. died in childhood.  Mr. Carrothers was a member of the Presbyterian Church, as is also his widow.
     To the district schools of Moorefield Township Crawford D. Carrothers is indebted for his early education, and he was reared on the farm which is now his place of residence.  On the 15th of October, 1890, he was united in marriage to Miss Mary B. Dickerson, daughter of James K. P. and Hannah (Moore) Dickerson, the former of whom was born in Athens Township, this county, December 25, 1845, and the latter was born in Moorefield Township, April 29, 1849.  During the major part of his active career Mr. Dickerson was engaged in farm enterprise in Moorefield Township, he having been a representative of one of the prominent pioneer families of Harrison County.  He and his wife. who died February 9, 1917, were zealous members of the Methodist Episcopal Church.  They became the parents of seven children: Mary B. (Mrs. Crawford D. Carrothers) was born May 16, 1870; Miss Annetta was born March 17, 1874; Margaret H. was born May 30, 1876, and is the wife of Lee Dunlap; William M. was born July 3, 1879, and his death occurred April 1, 1901; Albert J. was born July 28, 1882, and the maiden name of his wife was Blanche Dickerson; John F. died in early childhood: Elliott, who was born January 25, 1894, died while serving as an American soldier in France during the late World war.
     Elliott Dickerson was one of the fine sons of Harrison County who entered the nation's military service when America became involved in the great World war.  He entered service July 25, 1918, proceeded to Camp Sherman, and was assigned to Company K, Three Hundred and Thirty-sixth Infantry, Eighty-fourth Division.  In the latter part of August he went with his command to Camp Mills, New York, and early in the following month they sailed for France.  Shortly after his arrival in France he suffered an attack of influenza, and as a result thereof he died, in Base Hospital No. 3, on the 7th of October, 1918.  He sacrificed his life on the altar of patriotism-as fully as though he had fallen on the field of battle-and his death was deeply mourned by his host of friends in his native county.
     For twenty-six years after his marriage Mr. Carrothers was engaged in farming in Nottingham Township, and he then returned to the old house farm, in Moorefield Township, where he has since continued his vigorous and successful activities as a progressive agriculturist and stock-grower.  His political allegiance is given to the democratic party and he and his wife hold membership in the Nottingham Presbyterian Church.  They have five children: Ella M., who was born August 17, 1891, is the wife of George W. Beall and they have one child, Francis Wayne. Chester S., who was born May 30, 1893, married Miss Ressie Stevens and they have three children---Elsie May, Ralph Cecil and Harold Love.  Elsie, who was born in 1896, died in 1904.  Irene was born May 22, 1902, and Bessie M. was born May 21, 1904."
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3. T. R. Crawford, Historical Narrative of the Presbyterian Church of Nottingham, Moorefield, Ohio-It's Pioneers, Pastors and Progressive Work, Frew, Hagans & Hall, Steam Job Printers, Wheeling, WV, 1871, pgs. 19-20.
     "The following ministers have gone out from the membership of this communion during the last twenty-four years (with one exception,) namely: Rev. William Reed, of Trenton, Missouri; Rev. Hugh Reed, Scipio, Kansas; Rev. W. S. Dool, the earnest and laborious pastor of Millersburgh, Illinois; Mr. D. W. Lyons, of Iowa, who was licensed to preach but never ordained, and ceased his ministry in 1859; Rev. T. G. Scott, pastor of the church of Malden, Illinois; Rev. S. H. Wallace the faithful and successful pastor of Concord, Ohio; Rev. Christopher Carrothers, is laboring in Yeddo, Empire of Japan, under the direction of the Board of Foreign Missions of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church of the United States.  Mr. C. married Miss Julia, daughter of the Rev. Dr. R. V. Dodge, of Madison, Wisconsin, and together with his wife were among the first Protestant Missionaries to settle in the Empire of Japan.  From this record it is seen that the congregation of Nottingham has its representatives in the work of the ministry, not only in five States of this Union, but in a heathen city second in size in the entire world.  We should praise the Lord, and feel honored of God, as a church, that one of our sons was among the first to blow the Gospel trumpet in such a vast and populous city, as the Capital of Japan, in which the Emperor resides."
     This account is further supported by Presbyterian church records published in 1870 in which it is reported that Rev. Christopher Carrothers of the Presbytery of St. Clairsville (Ohio) along with other missonaries serving in Japan asked to be constituted into a presbytery to be called the "Presbytery of Yedo" (sic - Edo, now included within Greater Tokyo).  The request was granted with the new presbytery to be attached to the Synod of China.  Similarly, records published in 1874 indicate that the mission station at Yedo had been occupied in 1869.
     Within this context, other sources affirm that Christopher Carrothers founded a private college in Tokyo, which subsequently became combined with other missionary schools and, as such, was one of the antecedants of Meiji Gakuin University, which still remains in existence.  Concomitantly, his wife, Julia, can almost certainly be identified as Julia D. Carrothers, author of two contemporary books on Japan entitled: The Sunrise kingdom: or Life and scenes in Japan, and woman's work for woman there and Kesa and Saijiro; or, Lights and shades of life in Japan.  In addition, the text of a third work, viz., Japan's year, is also attributed to her, but was probably posthumous.  (This volume of seventy-six pages was also illustrated in Japanese style by native artists.)  (Larry Thompson, "Larry Thompson's Genealogy Page", home.epix.net/~lt0168/history/nottingham.htm, 2004.)

Additional Works Cited:
1. Anonymous, Minutes of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America, Vol. I, pub. by Presbyterian Board of Publication, printed by S. W. Green, 16 and 18 Jacob St., New York, NY, 1870: pg. 71.
2. Anonymous, Minutes of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America, Vol. III,  pub. by Presbyterian Board of Publication, printed by S. W. Green, 16 and 18 Jacob St., New York, NY, 1874: pg. 64.
3. Julia D. Carrothers, The Sunrise kingdom: or Life and scenes in Japan, and woman's work for woman there, Presbyterian Board of Publication, Philadelphia, PA, 1879.
4. Julia D. Carrothers, Kesa and Saijiro; or, Lights and shades of life in Japan, American Tract Society, New York, NY, 1888.
5. Julia Carrothers, Japan's year, pub. by T. Hasegawa, Tokyo, 1905.
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4. Emily Anderson, "Tamura Naoomi's The Japanese Bride - Christianity, Nationalism, and Family in Meiji Japan", Japanese Journal of Religious Studies, Vol. 34, No. 1, pgs. 203-28, 2007.
     "Tamura, however, attended Tsukiji College ... in the Tsukiji area of Tokyo, a school operated by Christopher Carrothers, a maverick Presbyterian missionary, his wife, and fellow missionaries Hugh Waddell, D. C. Greene, and W. C. Davison, who served as instructors.⁹  It was at Carrothers's school that Tamura became acquainted with, then converted, to Christianity, through Bible studies led by Carrothers.
     Tamura's conflicts with the larger Christian community started while he was still at Carrothers's school.  In an incident reported by Tamura as well as by Presbyterian missionary Dr. James Hepburn, Carrothers broke with the other missionaries over a disagreement about the proper Japanese word for Jesus.¹⁰  While Tamura recalled the incident with a touch of sheepishness, remarking how silly the debate seemed in retrospect, the incident nonetheless reveals how Tamura was not fully integrated into the larger Christian community and, while still a young man, was in an antagonistic position in relation to most other Japanese converts.  This was further exacerbated when the Carrothers's school was forced to close down after a mere three years.  Tamura attributed the Carrothers' difficulties to other Presbyterian missionaries such as D. C. Greene, William Imbrie, and George Knox, whose arrival in Japan at this time made it difficult for the Carrothers to operate their school independent of the mission's policies  (Tamura 1924, 34)."
     "9.  The Carrothers started Tsukiji Daigaku in 1873 (Meiji 6) in the Tokyo area of Tsukiji.
     10.  Dr. Hepburn mentions this incident in a letter dated January 10, 1876:  '[I]mmediately after the Resol. was passed, [Carrothers] would not allow any one to preach in his church who used the name of Iesu, thus excluding all the young men, five in number, from Yokohama who are in his school, now preparing for the ministry and thus shutting out all the rest of the members of this mission....  He is certainly the most purely self-willed and obstinate individual that I have ever known'  (Takaya 1955, 140)."
     Clearly, Christopher Carrothers had a reputation for difficulty as indicated by a rather unflattering comment made by Dr. Hepburn in a letter.  Therefore, it is likely that he and his wife returned to the United States, perhaps, as early as 1880, but this remains speculative.

Works Cited by Anderson:
1. Tamura Naoomi, The Japanese Bride, Harper & Brothers Publishers, New York, NY, 1893.
2. Tamura Naoomi, Shinkoo gojuunenshi,  Keiseisha, Tokyo, 1924: pg. 34.
3. M. Takaya, ed., The Letters of Dr. J. C. Hepburn, Toshin Shoboo, Tokyo, 1955: pg. 140.
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5. The population schedule of the 1900 US Census for San Juan County, Washington, included the household of Christopher and Henrietta Alberta Carrothers.  At that time, they had been married for only two years and she was about fifteen years his junior.  Moreover, they apparently further reported that he had been born in Ohio in July of 1840, that she had been born in Canada in May of 1855, and that all of their parents had been born in Ireland.  Subsequently, Christopher and Henrietta A. Carrothers were listed in population schedules of San Juan County for 1910 and 1920 and, moreover, additionally reported that they had both been married twice.  Within this context, Mr. Gary Morris indicates in his research on the pioneers of Lopez Island that although Christopher Carrothers was reportedly a farmer and/or surveyor, he had been a school teacher in Japan and had arrived in this locality in the early 1880's.  Clearly, the coincidence of names, ages, and birthplaces as well as chronological considerations provides strong circumstantial evidence that the Christopher Carrothers living on Lopez Island in 1900 and afterward was very likely the son of George and Anne Hastings Carrothers and that he returned from Japan after ten or fifteen years, presumably serving there as a missionary.  Concomitantly, it is a reasonable presumption that Christopher's first wife, Julia Dodge Carrothers, died prior to 1898.  (Gary Morris; database - lopez_island; worldconnect.genealogy.rootsweb.com,2006.)
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Additional Citations:

6. 1840 US Census Population Schedule for Harrison County, Ohio, National Archives, Washington DC:  pg. 200, (microfilm: roll M704_402; img. 186).

7. 1850 US Census Population Schedule for Harrison County, Ohio, National Archives, Washington DC:  pg. 333A, (microfilm: roll M432_693; img. 236).

8. 1860 US Census Population Schedule for Harrison County, Ohio, National Archives, Washington DC:  pg. 164A, (microfilm: roll M653_984; img. 330).

9. 1870 US Census Population Schedule for Harrison County, Ohio, National Archives, Washington DC:  pg. 172A, (microfilm: roll M593_1220; img. 346).

10. 1880 US Census Population Schedule for Harrison County, Ohio, National Archives, Washington DC:  pg. 433A, (microfilm: roll T9_1031; img. 589).

11. Marriage Records, Harrison County, Cadiz, OH, (LDS Family History Library microfilm: rolls #0894637 & #0894638, Salt Lake City, UT, 2009).

12. Gilbert Cope, A Record of the Cope Family, King & Baird Printers, 607 Sansom St., Philadelphia, PA, 1861: pgs. 69-70, & 150.

13. Charles Augustus Hanna, Historical Collection of Harrison County, in the State of Ohio, privately published, New York, NY, 1900: pgs. 355 & 472.  (Reprint available from Genealogical Publishing Co., 1001 N. Calvert St., Baltimore, MD, 21202-3897)  (Saundra Gibb; database - :993466; worldconnect.genealogy.rootsweb.com, 2001.)

14. Hiramsburg Cemetery, Noble County, Ohio (www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=cr&CRid=1985369&CScn=Hiramsburg&CScntry=4&CSst=37&, continuously updated).

15. Rankin Cemetery, Harrison County, Ohio (www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=cr&CRid=42836&CScn=Rankin&CScntry=4&CSst=37&CScnty=2073&, continuously updated).

16. Lopez Union Cemetery, San Juan County, Washington (www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=cr&CRid=1979077&CScn=Lopez&CScntry=4&CSst=50&CScnty=2980&, continuously updated).

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