know the terminology:
alcohol, ether, phenol, quinone, hydroxy, alkoxy, epoxide
thiol, sulfide, disulfide
hydrogen bonding
pKa
know the nomenclature rules for alcohols and diols
know the relative acidities of alcohols (pKa ~ 15-18), phenols (pKa ~ 10)
recognize that hydrogen bonding has a distinctive effect on boiling points and other interactions between molecules
understand the interrelationships between the various oxygen functional groups as different oxidation-reduction states
recognize that alcohols undergo substitution and elimination reactions from their protonated states, so that water is the effective leaving group
recognize that alcohols can act as acids or bases, analogous to water reactions
recognize that ethers are mainly unreactive, with the exceptions being substitution reactions in strong acids (HBr, HI) and epoxides, which easily undergo additions of nucleophiles
recognize the oxidation-reduction reactions often used in biological systems:
quinones / hydroquinones
thiols / disulfides
classify alcohols as 1°, 2°, 3°
write IUPAC names for alcohols, ethers
write common names for phenols, ethers
write acid-base reactions of alcohols and phenols
predict preferred directions of acid-base reactions, knowing pKa values
write various reactions that can be used to prepare alcohols
hydration of alkenes
reduction of carbonyl and carboxyl compounds
write various reactions of alcohols
oxidation to carboxylic acids (1°) or ketones (2°)
oxidation to aldehydes (1° alcohols + PCC)
conversion to alkyl halides
use the Williamson ether synthesis to prepare ethers
use aromatic substitution reactions to make phenols and derivatives
write mechanisms for substitution and elimination reactions of alcohols or ethers
write an SN2 mechanism and predict products from nucleophilic addition to epoxides
write synthetic sequences that lead to a target compound