Chem 334
- Fall 2001Organic Chemistry I
Dr. Carl C. Wamser
Chem 334
- Fall 2001know the terminology:
Bronsted-Lowry definition of acids and bases: H+ donors and acceptors
Lewis definition of acids and bases: electron pair acceptors and donors
acidity constant (Ka) and pKa: indicators of acid strength
chain reaction: initiation, propagation, termination
van der Waals forces
dipole-dipole interactions
hydrogen bonding
bond dissociation energy
know the nomenclature rules for alcohols and alkyl halides
acid/base reactions: identify acids and bases
conjugate acid/base pairs: stronger acids have weaker conjugate bases
understand structural effects on acid strength
recognize the various factors that contribute to molecular polarity
recognize the differences between polarity and polarizability
recognize the various physical properties that depend on polarity and intermolecular interactions:
e.g., boiling point, melting point, solubility
understand the SN1 and SN2 mechanisms as different ways of accomplishing a substitution reaction
recognize that alcohols undergo substitution reactions from their protonated states, so that water is the effective leaving group
understand the features and uses of potential energy diagrams
understand the steps of a chain reaction mechanism
recognize the stability order for carbocations and alkyl radicals
understand the reasons for regioselectivity in halogenation
predict major form of conjugate acid or base, knowing pH and pKa
predict the preferred direction of acid-base equilibria, knowing Ka data
predict relative acid strengths, based on structures
classify alcohols as 1°, 2°, 3°
write IUPAC names for alkyl halides, alcohols, polyols
write common names for alkyl halides and alcohols
write acid-base reactions of alcohols
use bond dissociation energy data to calculate delta H for reactions
write chain reaction mechanisms, showing all steps
use the Hammond Postulate to estimate the structure of a transition state
identify reaction products from halogenation of alkanes
write mechanisms for substitution and elimination reactions of alcohols
predict relative reactivities of different alcohols
determine the relative amounts of halogenation products from a given alkane, knowing relative reactivities