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Data for q Postscript Only.WK`%!PS-Adobe-2.0 EPSF-1.2 %%Creator: BGI by Borland International %%Title: BGI Graphics %%BoundingBox: 24 185 587 608 %***************************************************************** % File: preamble.bgi % Postscript preamble file for BGI Postscript driver % (c) Copyright 1989 Borland International % Last Update: 8-31-89 %***************************************************************** %%EndComments save /dic 12 dict def /RES { dic begin /cn exch def /new exch def /bf exch def /bd bf findfont def /fo bd maxlength dict def bd { exch dup /FID ne { dup /Encoding eq { exch dup length array copy fo 3 1 roll put } { exch fo 3 1 roll put } ifelse } { pop pop } ifelse } forall fo /FontName new put cn aload pop cn length 2 idiv { fo /Encoding get 3 1 roll put } repeat new fo definefont pop end } def /pcVector [ 16#00 /fraction 16#01 /currency 16#02 /guilsinglright 16#03 /fi 16#04 /fl 16#05 /lslash 16#07 /bullet 16#08 /bullet 16#09 /bullet 16#0a /bullet 16#0b /Aacute 16#0c /Acircumflex 16#0d /Agrave 16#0e /Atilde 16#0f /Ecircumflex 16#10 /Edieresis 16#11 /Egrave 16#12 /Iacute 16#13 /Icircumflex 16#14 /paragraph 16#15 /section 16#16 /Idieresis 16#17 /Igrave 16#18 /Oacute 16#19 /Ocircumflex 16#1a /Ograve 16#1b /Otilde 16#1c /Scaron 16#1d /Uacute 16#1e /Ucircumflex 16#1f /Ugrave 16#80 /Ccedilla 16#81 /udieresis 16#82 /eacute 16#83 /acircumflex 16#84 /adieresis 16#85 /agrave 16#86 /aring 16#87 /ccedilla 16#88 /ecircumflex 16#89 /edieresis 16#8a /egrave 16#8b /idieresis 16#8c /icircumflex 16#8d /igrave 16#8e /Adieresis 16#8f /Aring 16#90 /Eacute 16#91 /ae 16#92 /AE 16#93 /ocircumflex 16#94 /odieresis 16#95 /ograve 16#96 /ucircumflex 16#97 /ugrave 16#98 /ydieresis 16#99 /Odieresis 16#9a /Udieresis 16#9b /cent 16#9c /sterling 16#9d /yen 16#9f /florin 16#a0 /aacute 16#a1 /iacute 16#a2 /oacute 16#a3 /uacute 16#a4 /ntilde 16#a5 /Ntilde 16#a6 /ordfeminine 16#a7 /ordmasculine 16#a8 /questiondown 16#aa /threequarters 16#ab /onehalf 16#ac /onequarter 16#ad /exclamdown 16#ae /guillemotleft 16#af /guillemotright 16#d1 /Zcaron 16#d2 /atilde 16#d3 /otilde 16#d4 /scaron 16#d5 /zcaron 16#d6 /Ydieresis 16#f8 /ring ] def /OP { bgiFill 0 ne bgiRes 0 eq and bgiFill 1 eq or % 1 = SolidFill { 1 CurrentFill ne { level0 } if bgiFillColor % stack: (color) dup /CurrentColor exch def % set color bgiRes 1 eq { bgiGrayTable exch get setgray } { setbgicolor } ifelse }{ % stack: - 0 bgiFill eq % 0 = HollowFill { }{ bgiFill dup 15 gt { pop }{ % stack: bgiFill dup bgiRes 0 ne exch 9 ne and { level0 bgiPatTable exch get setpatterndict begin /bstring exch def /onbits 0 def /offbits 0 def %9.375 0 /spot load setscreen 18.75 0 /spot load setscreen {} settransfer offbits offbits onbits add div end setgray }{ pop level0 % for pattern 9 0.3 setgray } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse /CurrentFill bgiFill def newpath } bind def /toStack { bgiMono bgiFill bgiColor bgiFillColor bgiSize bgiFont bgiAttrib bgiOrient bgiRes x0Clip y0Clip x1Clip y1Clip } def /fromStack { /y1Clip exch def /x1Clip exch def /y0Clip exch def /x0Clip exch def /bgiRes exch def /bgiOrient exch def /bgiAttrib exch def /bgiFont exch def /bgiSize exch def /bgiFillColor exch def /bgiColor exch def /bgiFill exch def /bgiMono exch def } def /level0 { toStack Memory0 restore fromStack /Memory0 save def newpath x0Clip y0Clip moveto x0Clip y1Clip lineto x1Clip y1Clip lineto x1Clip y0Clip lineto closepath clip newpath /Memory1 save def /CurrentFont -1 def /CurrentColor 0 def } def /CL { closepath dup 1 eq { DO } if dup 2 eq { gsave 0 CurrentFill ne % 0 = Hollow fill { fill } if grestore DO } if 3 eq { 0 CurrentFill ne % 0 = Hollow fill { fill } if } if } bind def /DO % draw outline { bgiMono false eq { % color printer bgiColor setbgicolor } { 0.0 setgray } ifelse stroke } def /setpatterndict 18 dict def /spot { 1 add 4 mul cvi exch 1 add 4 mul cvi /xbit exch def /ybit exch def bstring ybit xbit -3 bitshift add get 1 7 xbit 7 and sub bitshift and 0 ne { /onbits onbits 1 add def 1} { /offbits offbits 1 add def 0} ifelse } bind def /bgiFontTable [ [ /AvantGarde-Book -96 58 739] [ /AvantGarde-BookOblique -96 58 739] [ /AvantGarde-Demi -92 90 739] [ /AvantGarde-DemiOblique -92 90 39] [ /Bookman-Demi -121 106 725] [ /Bookman-DemiItalic -106 106 732] [ /Bookman-Light -125 60 717] [ /Bookman-LightItalic -110 60 717] [ /Courier -82 40 624] [ /Courier-Bold -85 100 674] [ /Courier-BoldOblique -85 100 674] [ /Courier-Oblique -82 40 624] [ /Helvetica -97 73 729] [ /Helvetica-Bold -106 73 729] [ /Helvetica-BoldOblique -106 105 729] [ /Helvetica-Oblique -106 73 729] [ /Helvetica-Narrow -97 73 729] [ /Helvetica-Narrow-Bold -106 73 729] [ /Helvetica-Narrow-BoldOblique -106 73 729] [ /Helvetica-Narrow-Oblique -97 73 729] [ /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold -103 106 737] [ /NewCenturySchlbk-BoldItalic -102 54 737] [ /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic -102 42 737] [ /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman -103 61 737] [ /Palatino-Bold -98 44 719] [ /Palatino-BoldItalic -98 54 726] [ /Palatino-Italic -138 50 733] [ /Palatino-Roman -141 38 723] [ /Symbol -98 54 720] [ /Times-Bold -99 95 670] [ /Times-BoldItalic -98 54 682] [ /Times-Italic -96 48 684] [ /Times-Roman -109 49 682] [ /ZapfChancery-MediumItalic -120 50 678] [ /ZapfDingbats -98 54 720] ] def /bgiPatTable [ <0000000000000000> <0102040810204080> <8142241818244281> <8000080080000800> <8800220088002200> <081c22c180010204> <0001020400402010> ] def /bgiGrayTable [ 1.00 0.11 0.59 0.70 0.30 0.41 0.40 1.00 0.50 0.40 0.73 0.80 0.53 0.60 0.93 0.00 ] def /bgiColorTable [ [1 1 1] % white [0 0 1] % blue [0 1 0] % green [0 1 1] % cyan [1 0 0] % red [1 0 1] [0.67 0.33 0] % brown [1 1 1] % white [0.9 0.9 0.9] % gray [0.33 0.33 1] % lightblue [0.33 1 0.33] % lightgreen [0.33 1 1] % lightcyan [1 0.33 0.33] % lightred [1 0.33 1] % lightmagenta [1 1 0.33] % yellow [0 0 0] % black [0.75 0.75 0.75] % gray (color 7 on color printers) ] def /MT /moveto load def /LT /lineto load def /CP /closepath load def /NP /newpath load def /SD /setdash load def /SG /setgray load def /TR /translate load def /LW /setlinewidth load def /DL { moveto lineto DO } bind def /TW { 20 div exch 20 div exch moveto 20 div exch 20 div exch lineto DO } bind def /TB { 20 div 4 1 roll 20 div 4 1 roll 20 div 4 1 roll 20 div 4 1 roll DB } bind def /SC { /y1Clip exch def /x1Clip exch def /y0Clip exch def /x0Clip exch def level0 } bind def /ellipsedict 12 dict def ellipsedict /mtrx matrix put /SA % stack: x y xrad yrad start delta { % add an arc to the current path ellipsedict begin /delta exch 60.0 div def /startangle exch 60.0 div def /yrad exch def /xrad exch def /y exch def /x exch def /endangle startangle delta add def /savematrix mtrx currentmatrix def x y translate xrad yrad scale 0 0 1 delta 0 gt {startangle endangle arc } {startangle endangle arcn} ifelse savematrix setmatrix end } bind def /DOARC % stack: x y xrad yrad start end { % add an arc to the current path ellipsedict begin /endangle exch def /startangle exch def bgiOrient 0 ne { exch } if /yrad exch def /xrad exch def /y exch def /x exch def /savematrix mtrx currentmatrix def x y translate xrad yrad scale 0 0 1 startangle endangle arc savematrix setmatrix end } bind def /FE % stack: x y xrad yrad for ellipse { gsave OP 0 360 DOARC 3 CL grestore DO } bind def /DB % stack: x1 y1 x0 y0 color { OP /y0 exch def /x0 exch def /y1 exch def /x1 exch def newpath x0 y0 moveto x0 y1 lineto x1 y1 lineto x1 y0 lineto 3 CL } bind def /DF % stack: (attrib) (size) (font) { /bgiFont exch def /bgiSize exch def /bgiAttrib exch def } bind def /FP % stack: (fill #) { dup 15 le { /bgiFill exch def }{ pop } ifelse } bind def /CO { % stack: (color) (fill color) dup 15 le { /bgiFillColor exch def} {pop} ifelse dup 15 le { /bgiColor exch def} {pop} ifelse } bind def /ST % start text % stack: - { CurrentSize bgiSize ne CurrentFont bgiFont ne or { currentpoint toStack Memory1 restore fromStack moveto /Memory1 save def /CurrentColor 0 def bgiFont dup /CurrentFont exch def dup dup 8 ge exch 15 le and { dup 8 eq % courier { 0.93 } { dup 9 eq % courier-bold { 0.94 } { dup 11 eq % courier-bolditalic (1.02 expansion) { 0.95 } { dup 10 eq % courier-italic { 0.95 } { dup 12 eq % helvetica { 0.93 } { dup 13 eq % helvetica-bold { 0.96 } { dup 14 eq % helvetica-bolditalic { 0.93 } { dup 15 eq % helvetica-italic (1.02 expansion) { 0.96 } { 1 } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse } { dup 32 eq % times-roman { 1 } { dup 29 eq % times-bold (1.02 expansion) { 0.95 } { dup 30 eq % times-boldoblique { 0.91 } { dup 31 eq %times-italic { 0.92 } { 1 % everything else } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse /CurrentCompress exch def bgiFontTable exch get % stack: [(font name) offset thick] dup 0 get % stack: array fontname exch dup 1 get /CurrentUnderlineOffset exch def dup 2 get /CurrentUnderlineThickness exch def 3 get /CurrentAscender exch bgiSize mul 1000.0 div def /thisFont pcVector RES /thisFont findfont bgiSize dup /CurrentSize exch def scalefont setfont } if % set the text color or gray scale bgiMono false eq { % color printer stack: color setbgicolor } { % mono printer 0 eq % stack: color { 1.0 setgray} { 0.0 setgray} ifelse } ifelse } bind def /setbgicolor { dup 7 eq bgiMono not and { pop 16 } if bgiColorTable exch get % stack: [r g b] dup 0 get % stack: [r g b] r exch dup 1 get % stack: r [rgb] g exch 2 get % stack: r g b setrgbcolor } bind def /SH % stack: string tdir rot justx justy { /justy exch def /justx exch def 90 mul /rot exch def 0 ne % tdir is on the stack % (this will move into driver) { /justx 2 def } if dup stringwidth pop CurrentCompress mul /sx exch def sx justx mul -0.5 mul justy 0 eq { 0 % baseline aligned } { justy 1 eq { CurrentAscender 2 div neg % center aligned } { CurrentAscender neg % top aligned } ifelse } ifelse % underlining gsave rot rotate rmoveto bgiAttrib 4 and 0 ne % true if underlined, false otherwise { currentpoint CurrentUnderlineOffset CurrentSize mul 1000.0 div add /yval exch def /xval exch def bshow xval yval moveto sx xval add yval lineto CurrentUnderlineThickness CurrentSize mul 1000.0 div setlinewidth stroke } { bshow } ifelse grestore } bind def /bshow { CurrentCompress 1 eq { show } { dup length /len exch def len 0 ne { dup stringwidth pop /wid exch def CurrentCompress wid mul % (factor * wid) wid sub % (factor * wid) - wid len div % stack: string per_char_amt exch 0 exch ashow } if } ifelse } bind def /colorsetup { % exchange colors 0 and 15 bgiColorTable 0 get % stack: [r g b] bgiColorTable 15 get exch bgiColorTable 0 put bgiColorTable 15 put } bind def % ---- initialization /CurrentFill 1 def /CurrentFont -1 def /CurrentSize -1 def /CurrentColor 15 def /bgiMono 0 def /bgiFill 1 def /bgiColor 15 def /bgiFillColor 15 def /bgiSize 10 def /bgiFont 1 def /bgiOrient 0 def /bgiRes 1 def /bgiAttrib 0 def 1.415 setmiterlimit 0.5 setlinewidth /Memory0 save def /Memory1 save def 0 0 moveto %%EndProlog 24 185 587 608 SC /bgiRes 0 def /bgiMono true def /bgiOrient 0 def 0 15 0 DF 611 1 0 792 SC 1 255 CO 587 185 24 608 SC 15 255 CO [] 0 SD .75 LW 15 15 CO 0 FP 0 FP 0 FP [] 0 SD .75 LW 15 0 CO 1 FP 427 195 183 222 DB 428 222 183 222 DL 428 222 428 195 DL 183 195 428 195 DL 183 222 183 195 DL 4 0 CO 4 4 CO 205 212 MT 1 FP 201 215 MT 209 209 MT 209 209 201 215 DB 205 212 MT 1 FP [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 221 212 191 212 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 228 216 MT 0 15 32 DF 228 216 MT 15 ST (Participants)0 0 0 2 SH 2 4 CO 2 2 CO 320 212 MT 1 FP OP 326 208 MT 320 216 LT 314 208 LT 326 208 LT 3 CL 320 212 MT [5 3 5 3] 0 SD 1.5 LW 335 212 305 212 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 342 216 MT 342 216 MT 15 ST (Violations)0 0 0 2 SH 15 2 CO [] 0 SD .75 LW 15 15 CO 0 FP 0 FP [] 0 SD .75 LW 83 258 83 581 DL 548 258 548 581 DL 94 254 94 258 DL 116 254 116 258 DL 138 254 138 258 DL 160 254 160 258 DL 182 254 182 258 DL 169 252 MT 0 13 32 DF 169 252 MT 15 ST (1991)0 0 0 2 SH 204 254 204 258 DL 226 254 226 258 DL 248 254 248 258 DL 270 254 270 258 DL 293 254 293 258 DL 315 254 315 258 DL 337 254 337 258 DL 359 254 359 258 DL 381 254 381 258 DL 403 254 403 258 DL 425 254 425 258 DL 447 254 447 258 DL 434 252 MT 434 252 MT 15 ST (1992)0 0 0 2 SH 470 254 470 258 DL 492 254 492 258 DL 514 254 514 258 DL 536 254 536 258 DL 548 258 79 258 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 72 262 MT 72 262 MT 15 ST (0)0 0 0 2 SH [2 2] 0 SD .75 LW 548 313 83 313 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 83 313 79 313 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 72 316 MT 72 316 MT 15 ST (5)0 0 0 2 SH [2 2] 0 SD .75 LW 548 366 83 366 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 83 366 79 366 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 65 370 MT 65 370 MT 15 ST (10)0 0 0 2 SH [2 2] 0 SD .75 LW 548 420 83 420 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 83 420 79 420 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 65 423 MT 65 423 MT 15 ST (15)0 0 0 2 SH [2 2] 0 SD .75 LW 548 474 83 474 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 83 474 79 474 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 65 477 MT 65 477 MT 15 ST (20)0 0 0 2 SH [2 2] 0 SD .75 LW 548 527 83 527 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 83 527 79 527 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 65 531 MT 65 531 MT 15 ST (25)0 0 0 2 SH 548 581 79 581 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 65 584 MT 65 584 MT 15 ST (30)0 0 0 2 SH 548 258 79 258 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 46 531 MT 0 15 32 DF 46 531 MT 15 ST (Number of Violations or Participants)1 1 0 2 SH 548 258 79 258 DL 548 258 548 258 DL 4 15 CO 4 4 CO 94 291 MT 1 FP 90 294 MT 98 288 MT 98 288 90 294 DB 94 291 MT 0 FP 2 4 CO 2 2 CO 94 270 MT 1 FP OP 100 266 MT 94 274 LT 88 266 LT 100 266 LT 3 CL 94 270 MT 4 2 CO 4 4 CO 116 302 MT 1 FP 112 305 MT 120 299 MT 120 299 112 305 DB 116 302 MT 1 FP [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 116 302 94 291 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 2 4 CO 2 2 CO 116 280 MT 1 FP OP 122 276 MT 116 284 LT 110 276 LT 122 276 LT 3 CL 116 280 MT [5 3 5 3] 0 SD 1.5 LW 116 280 94 270 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 4 2 CO 4 4 CO 138 334 MT 1 FP 134 337 MT 142 331 MT 142 331 134 337 DB 138 334 MT 1 FP [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 138 334 116 302 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 2 4 CO 2 2 CO 138 291 MT 1 FP OP 144 287 MT 138 295 LT 132 287 LT 144 287 LT 3 CL 138 291 MT [5 3 5 3] 0 SD 1.5 LW 138 291 116 280 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 4 2 CO 4 4 CO 160 345 MT 1 FP 156 348 MT 164 342 MT 164 342 156 348 DB 160 345 MT 1 FP [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 160 345 138 334 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 2 4 CO 2 2 CO 160 334 MT 1 FP OP 166 330 MT 160 338 LT 154 330 LT 166 330 LT 3 CL 160 334 MT [5 3 5 3] 0 SD 1.5 LW 160 334 138 291 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 4 2 CO 4 4 CO 182 356 MT 1 FP 178 359 MT 186 353 MT 186 353 178 359 DB 182 356 MT 1 FP [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 182 356 160 345 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 2 4 CO 2 2 CO 182 345 MT 1 FP OP 188 341 MT 182 349 LT 176 341 LT 188 341 LT 3 CL 182 345 MT [5 3 5 3] 0 SD 1.5 LW 182 345 160 334 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 4 2 CO 4 4 CO 204 345 MT 1 FP 200 348 MT 208 342 MT 208 342 200 348 DB 204 345 MT 1 FP [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 204 345 182 356 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 2 4 CO 2 2 CO 204 291 MT 1 FP OP 210 287 MT 204 295 LT 198 287 LT 210 287 LT 3 CL 204 291 MT [5 3 5 3] 0 SD 1.5 LW 204 291 182 345 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 4 2 CO 4 4 CO 226 334 MT 1 FP 222 337 MT 230 331 MT 230 331 222 337 DB 226 334 MT 1 FP [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 226 334 204 345 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 2 4 CO 2 2 CO 226 302 MT 1 FP OP 232 298 MT 226 306 LT 220 298 LT 232 298 LT 3 CL 226 302 MT [5 3 5 3] 0 SD 1.5 LW 226 302 204 291 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 4 2 CO 4 4 CO 248 345 MT 1 FP 244 348 MT 252 342 MT 252 342 244 348 DB 248 345 MT 1 FP [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 248 345 226 334 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 2 4 CO 2 2 CO 248 313 MT 1 FP OP 254 309 MT 248 317 LT 242 309 LT 254 309 LT 3 CL 248 313 MT [5 3 5 3] 0 SD 1.5 LW 248 313 226 302 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 4 2 CO 4 4 CO 270 334 MT 1 FP 266 337 MT 274 331 MT 274 331 266 337 DB 270 334 MT 1 FP [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 270 334 248 345 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 2 4 CO 2 2 CO 270 313 MT 1 FP OP 276 309 MT 270 317 LT 264 309 LT 276 309 LT 3 CL 270 313 MT [5 3 5 3] 0 SD 1.5 LW 270 313 248 313 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 4 2 CO 4 4 CO 293 313 MT 1 FP 289 316 MT 297 310 MT 297 310 289 316 DB 293 313 MT 1 FP [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 293 313 270 334 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 2 4 CO 2 2 CO 293 302 MT 1 FP OP 299 298 MT 293 306 LT 287 298 LT 299 298 LT 3 CL 293 302 MT [5 3 5 3] 0 SD 1.5 LW 293 302 270 313 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 4 2 CO 4 4 CO 315 345 MT 1 FP 311 348 MT 319 342 MT 319 342 311 348 DB 315 345 MT 1 FP [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 315 345 293 313 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 2 4 CO 2 2 CO 315 270 MT 1 FP OP 321 266 MT 315 274 LT 309 266 LT 321 266 LT 3 CL 315 270 MT [5 3 5 3] 0 SD 1.5 LW 315 270 293 302 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 4 2 CO 4 4 CO 337 345 MT 1 FP 333 348 MT 341 342 MT 341 342 333 348 DB 337 345 MT 1 FP [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 337 345 315 345 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 2 4 CO 2 2 CO 337 291 MT 1 FP OP 343 287 MT 337 295 LT 331 287 LT 343 287 LT 3 CL 337 291 MT [5 3 5 3] 0 SD 1.5 LW 337 291 315 270 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 4 2 CO 4 4 CO 359 356 MT 1 FP 355 359 MT 363 353 MT 363 353 355 359 DB 359 356 MT 1 FP [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 359 356 337 345 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 2 4 CO 2 2 CO 359 302 MT 1 FP OP 365 298 MT 359 306 LT 353 298 LT 365 298 LT 3 CL 359 302 MT [5 3 5 3] 0 SD 1.5 LW 359 302 337 291 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 4 2 CO 4 4 CO 381 366 MT 1 FP 377 369 MT 385 363 MT 385 363 377 369 DB 381 366 MT 1 FP [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 381 366 359 356 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 2 4 CO 2 2 CO 381 334 MT 1 FP OP 387 330 MT 381 338 LT 375 330 LT 387 330 LT 3 CL 381 334 MT [5 3 5 3] 0 SD 1.5 LW 381 334 359 302 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 4 2 CO 4 4 CO 403 398 MT 1 FP 399 401 MT 407 395 MT 407 395 399 401 DB 403 398 MT 1 FP [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 403 398 381 366 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 2 4 CO 2 2 CO 403 291 MT 1 FP OP 409 287 MT 403 295 LT 397 287 LT 409 287 LT 3 CL 403 291 MT [5 3 5 3] 0 SD 1.5 LW 403 291 381 334 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 4 2 CO 4 4 CO 425 452 MT 1 FP 421 455 MT 429 449 MT 429 449 421 455 DB 425 452 MT 1 FP [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 425 452 403 398 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 2 4 CO 2 2 CO 425 313 MT 1 FP OP 431 309 MT 425 317 LT 419 309 LT 431 309 LT 3 CL 425 313 MT [5 3 5 3] 0 SD 1.5 LW 425 313 403 291 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 4 2 CO 4 4 CO 447 463 MT 1 FP 443 466 MT 451 460 MT 451 460 443 466 DB 447 463 MT 1 FP [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 447 463 425 452 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 2 4 CO 2 2 CO 447 441 MT 1 FP OP 453 437 MT 447 445 LT 441 437 LT 453 437 LT 3 CL 447 441 MT [5 3 5 3] 0 SD 1.5 LW 447 441 425 313 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 4 2 CO 4 4 CO 470 452 MT 1 FP 466 455 MT 474 449 MT 474 449 466 455 DB 470 452 MT 1 FP [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 470 452 447 463 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 2 4 CO 2 2 CO 470 388 MT 1 FP OP 476 384 MT 470 392 LT 464 384 LT 476 384 LT 3 CL 470 388 MT [5 3 5 3] 0 SD 1.5 LW 470 388 447 441 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 4 2 CO 4 4 CO 492 452 MT 1 FP 488 455 MT 496 449 MT 496 449 488 455 DB 492 452 MT 1 FP [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 492 452 470 452 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 2 4 CO 2 2 CO 492 398 MT 1 FP OP 498 394 MT 492 402 LT 486 394 LT 498 394 LT 3 CL 492 398 MT [5 3 5 3] 0 SD 1.5 LW 492 398 470 388 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 4 2 CO 4 4 CO 514 474 MT 1 FP 510 477 MT 518 471 MT 518 471 510 477 DB 514 474 MT 1 FP [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 514 474 492 452 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 2 4 CO 2 2 CO 514 538 MT 1 FP OP 520 534 MT 514 542 LT 508 534 LT 520 534 LT 3 CL 514 538 MT [5 3 5 3] 0 SD 1.5 LW 514 538 492 398 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 4 2 CO 4 4 CO 536 474 MT 1 FP 532 477 MT 540 471 MT 540 471 532 477 DB 536 474 MT 1 FP [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 536 474 514 474 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 2 4 CO 2 2 CO 536 463 MT 1 FP OP 542 459 MT 536 467 LT 530 459 LT 542 459 LT 3 CL 536 463 MT [5 3 5 3] 0 SD 1.5 LW 536 463 514 538 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW showpage restore %%Trailer $ \P )Contains Data for q Postscript Only.KK`%!PS-Adobe-2.0 EPSF-1.2 %%Creator: BGI by Borland International %%Title: BGI Graphics %%BoundingBox: 24 185 587 608 %***************************************************************** % File: preamble.bgi % Postscript preamble file for BGI Postscript driver % (c) Copyright 1989 Borland International % Last Update: 2-28-90 international %***************************************************************** %%EndComments save /dic 12 dict def /RES { dic begin /cn exch def /new exch def /bf exch def /bd bf findfont def /fo bd maxlength dict def bd { exch dup /FID ne { dup /Encoding eq { exch dup length array copy fo 3 1 roll put } { exch fo 3 1 roll put } ifelse } { pop pop } ifelse } forall fo /FontName new put cn aload pop cn length 2 idiv { fo /Encoding get 3 1 roll put } repeat new fo definefont pop end } def % 1-30-90 /pcVector [ 16#00 /circumflex 16#01 /grave 16#02 /dieresis 16#03 /tilde 16#04 /acute 16#05 /cedilla 16#06 /ring 16#07 /slash 16#08 /caron 16#80 /Ccedilla 16#81 /udieresis 16#82 /eacute 16#83 /acircumflex 16#84 /adieresis 16#85 /agrave 16#86 /aring 16#87 /ccedilla 16#88 /ecircumflex 16#89 /edieresis 16#8a /egrave 16#8b /idieresis 16#8c /icircumflex 16#8d /igrave 16#8e /Adieresis 16#8f /Aring 16#90 /Eacute 16#91 /ae 16#92 /AE 16#93 /ocircumflex 16#94 /odieresis 16#95 /ograve 16#96 /ucircumflex 16#97 /ugrave 16#98 /ydieresis 16#99 /Odieresis 16#9a /Udieresis 16#9b /oslash 16#9c /sterling 16#9d /Oslash 16#9f /florin 16#a0 /aacute 16#a1 /iacute 16#a2 /oacute 16#a3 /uacute 16#a4 /ntilde 16#a5 /Ntilde 16#a6 /ordfeminine 16#a7 /ordmasculine 16#a8 /questiondown 16#ad /exclamdown 16#ae /guillemotleft 16#af /guillemotright 16#b0 /space 16#b1 /space 16#b2 /space 16#b3 /space 16#b7 /idieresis 16#b9 /Agrave 16#ba /currency 16#bb /sterling 16#bc /Ecircumflex 16#bd /section 16#be /Acircumflex 16#bf /Egrave 16#c0 /yen 16#c2 /cent 16#c3 /Ugrave 16#c8 /atilde 16#cb /space 16#d1 /Icircumflex 16#d2 /atilde 16#d3 /otilde 16#d4 /scaron 16#d5 /zcaron 16#d6 /Ydieresis 16#da /Atilde 16#df /Ocircumflex 16#e0 /a 16#e1 /germandbls 16#e2 /c 16#e3 /p 16#e4 /s 16#e5 /s 16#e6 /m 16#e7 /t 16#e9 /t 16#ea /o 16#eb /d 16#ec /i 16#ed /Oslash 16#ee /e 16#f0 /Aacute 16#f1 /germandbls ] def % end 1-30-90 /OP { bgiFill 0 ne bgiRes 0 eq and bgiFill 1 eq or % 1 = SolidFill { 1 CurrentFill ne { level0 } if bgiFillColor % stack: (color) dup /CurrentColor exch def % set color bgiRes 1 eq { bgiGrayTable exch get setgray } { setbgicolor } ifelse }{ % stack: - 0 bgiFill eq % 0 = HollowFill { }{ bgiFill dup 15 gt { pop }{ % stack: bgiFill dup bgiRes 0 ne exch 9 ne and { level0 bgiPatTable exch get setpatterndict begin /bstring exch def /onbits 0 def /offbits 0 def %9.375 0 /spot load setscreen 18.75 0 /spot load setscreen {} settransfer offbits offbits onbits add div end setgray }{ pop level0 % for pattern 9 0.3 setgray } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse /CurrentFill bgiFill def newpath } bind def /toStack { bgiMono bgiFill bgiColor bgiFillColor bgiSize bgiFont bgiAttrib bgiOrient bgiRes x0Clip y0Clip x1Clip y1Clip } def /fromStack { /y1Clip exch def /x1Clip exch def /y0Clip exch def /x0Clip exch def /bgiRes exch def /bgiOrient exch def /bgiAttrib exch def /bgiFont exch def /bgiSize exch def /bgiFillColor exch def /bgiColor exch def /bgiFill exch def /bgiMono exch def } def /level0 { toStack Memory0 restore fromStack /Memory0 save def newpath x0Clip y0Clip moveto x0Clip y1Clip lineto x1Clip y1Clip lineto x1Clip y0Clip lineto closepath clip newpath /Memory1 save def /CurrentFont -1 def /CurrentColor 0 def } def /CL { closepath dup 1 eq { DO } if dup 2 eq { gsave 0 CurrentFill ne % 0 = Hollow fill { fill } if grestore DO } if 3 eq { 0 CurrentFill ne % 0 = Hollow fill { fill } if } if } bind def /DO % draw outline { bgiMono false eq { % color printer bgiColor setbgicolor } { 0.0 setgray } ifelse stroke } def /setpatterndict 18 dict def /spot { 1 add 4 mul cvi exch 1 add 4 mul cvi /xbit exch def /ybit exch def bstring ybit xbit -3 bitshift add get 1 7 xbit 7 and sub bitshift and 0 ne { /onbits onbits 1 add def 1} { /offbits offbits 1 add def 0} ifelse } bind def /bgiFontTable [ [ /AvantGarde-Book -96 58 739] [ /AvantGarde-BookOblique -96 58 739] [ /AvantGarde-Demi -92 90 739] [ /AvantGarde-DemiOblique -92 90 39] [ /Bookman-Demi -121 106 725] [ /Bookman-DemiItalic -106 106 732] [ /Bookman-Light -125 60 717] [ /Bookman-LightItalic -110 60 717] [ /Courier -82 40 624] [ /Courier-Bold -85 100 674] [ /Courier-BoldOblique -85 100 674] [ /Courier-Oblique -82 40 624] [ /Helvetica -97 73 729] [ /Helvetica-Bold -106 73 729] [ /Helvetica-BoldOblique -106 105 729] [ /Helvetica-Oblique -106 73 729] [ /Helvetica-Narrow -97 73 729] [ /Helvetica-Narrow-Bold -106 73 729] [ /Helvetica-Narrow-BoldOblique -106 73 729] [ /Helvetica-Narrow-Oblique -97 73 729] [ /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold -103 106 737] [ /NewCenturySchlbk-BoldItalic -102 54 737] [ /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic -102 42 737] [ /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman -103 61 737] [ /Palatino-Bold -98 44 719] [ /Palatino-BoldItalic -98 54 726] [ /Palatino-Italic -138 50 733] [ /Palatino-Roman -141 38 723] [ /Symbol -98 54 720] [ /Times-Bold -99 95 670] [ /Times-BoldItalic -98 54 682] [ /Times-Italic -96 48 684] [ /Times-Roman -109 49 682] [ /ZapfChancery-MediumItalic -120 50 678] [ /ZapfDingbats -98 54 720] ] def /bgiPatTable [ <0000000000000000> <0102040810204080> <8142241818244281> <8000080080000800> <8800220088002200> <081c22c180010204> <0001020400402010> ] def /bgiGrayTable [ 1.00 0.11 0.59 0.70 0.30 0.41 0.40 1.00 0.50 0.40 0.73 0.80 0.53 0.60 0.93 0.00 ] def /bgiColorTable [ [1 1 1] % white [0 0 1] % blue [0 1 0] % green [0 1 1] % cyan [1 0 0] % red [1 0 1] [0.67 0.33 0] % brown [1 1 1] % white [0.9 0.9 0.9] % gray [0.33 0.33 1] % lightblue [0.33 1 0.33] % lightgreen [0.33 1 1] % lightcyan [1 0.33 0.33] % lightred [1 0.33 1] % lightmagenta [1 1 0.33] % yellow [0 0 0] % black [0.75 0.75 0.75] % gray (color 7 on color printers) ] def /MT /moveto load def /LT /lineto load def /CP /closepath load def /NP /newpath load def /SD /setdash load def /SG /setgray load def /TR /translate load def /LW /setlinewidth load def /DL { moveto lineto DO } bind def /TW { 20 div exch 20 div exch moveto 20 div exch 20 div exch lineto DO } bind def /TB { 20 div 4 1 roll 20 div 4 1 roll 20 div 4 1 roll 20 div 4 1 roll DB } bind def /SC { /y1Clip exch def /x1Clip exch def /y0Clip exch def /x0Clip exch def level0 } bind def /ellipsedict 12 dict def ellipsedict /mtrx matrix put /SA % stack: x y xrad yrad start delta { % add an arc to the current path ellipsedict begin /delta exch 60.0 div def /startangle exch 60.0 div def /yrad exch def /xrad exch def /y exch def /x exch def /endangle startangle delta add def /savematrix mtrx currentmatrix def x y translate xrad yrad scale 0 0 1 delta 0 gt {startangle endangle arc } {startangle endangle arcn} ifelse savematrix setmatrix end } bind def /DOARC % stack: x y xrad yrad start end { % add an arc to the current path ellipsedict begin /endangle exch def /startangle exch def bgiOrient 0 ne { exch } if /yrad exch def /xrad exch def /y exch def /x exch def /savematrix mtrx currentmatrix def x y translate xrad yrad scale 0 0 1 startangle endangle arc savematrix setmatrix end } bind def /FE % stack: x y xrad yrad for ellipse { gsave OP 0 360 DOARC 3 CL grestore DO } bind def /DB % stack: x1 y1 x0 y0 color { OP /y0 exch def /x0 exch def /y1 exch def /x1 exch def newpath x0 y0 moveto x0 y1 lineto x1 y1 lineto x1 y0 lineto 3 CL } bind def /DF % stack: (attrib) (size) (font) { /bgiFont exch def % dup 6 eq {pop 7} if /bgiSize exch def /bgiAttrib exch def } bind def /FP % stack: (fill #) { dup 15 le { /bgiFill exch def }{ pop } ifelse } bind def /CO { % stack: (color) (fill color) dup 15 le { /bgiFillColor exch def} {pop} ifelse dup 15 le { /bgiColor exch def} {pop} ifelse } bind def /ST % start text % stack: - { CurrentSize bgiSize ne CurrentFont bgiFont ne or { currentpoint toStack Memory1 restore fromStack moveto /Memory1 save def /CurrentColor 0 def bgiFont dup /CurrentFont exch def % 1-4-90 don't reencode Symbol or ZapfDingbats fonts; dup dup 34 ne exch 28 ne and /bRES exch def % end 1-4-90 dup dup 8 ge exch 15 le and { dup 8 eq % courier { 0.93 } { dup 9 eq % courier-bold { 0.94 } { dup 11 eq % courier-bolditalic (1.02 expansion) { 0.95 } { dup 10 eq % courier-italic { 0.95 } { dup 12 eq % helvetica { 0.93 } { dup 13 eq % helvetica-bold { 0.96 } { dup 14 eq % helvetica-bolditalic { 0.93 } { dup 15 eq % helvetica-italic (1.02 expansion) { 0.96 } { 1 } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse } { dup 32 eq % times-roman { 1 } { dup 29 eq % times-bold (1.02 expansion) { 0.95 } { dup 30 eq % times-boldoblique { 0.91 } { dup 31 eq %times-italic { 0.92 } { 1 % everything else } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse /CurrentCompress exch def bgiFontTable exch get % stack: [(font name) offset thick] dup 0 get % stack: array fontname exch dup 1 get /CurrentUnderlineOffset exch def dup 2 get /CurrentUnderlineThickness exch def 3 get /CurrentAscender exch bgiSize mul 1000.0 div def % 1-4-89 bRES { /thisFont pcVector RES /thisFont } if % end 1-4-89 findfont bgiSize dup /CurrentSize exch def scalefont setfont } if % set the text color or gray scale bgiMono false eq { % color printer stack: color setbgicolor } { % mono printer 0 eq % stack: color { 1.0 setgray} { 0.0 setgray} ifelse } ifelse } bind def /setbgicolor { dup 7 eq bgiMono not and { pop 16 } if bgiColorTable exch get % stack: [r g b] dup 0 get % stack: [r g b] r exch dup 1 get % stack: r [rgb] g exch 2 get % stack: r g b setrgbcolor } bind def /SH % stack: string tdir rot justx justy { /justy exch def /justx exch def 90 mul /rot exch def 0 ne % tdir is on the stack % (this will move into driver) { /justx 2 def } if dup stringwidth pop CurrentCompress mul /sx exch def sx justx mul -0.5 mul justy 0 eq { 0 % baseline aligned } { justy 1 eq { CurrentAscender 2 div neg % center aligned } { CurrentAscender neg % top aligned } ifelse } ifelse % underlining gsave rot rotate rmoveto bgiAttrib 4 and 0 ne % true if underlined, false otherwise { currentpoint CurrentUnderlineOffset CurrentSize mul 1000.0 div add /yval exch def /xval exch def bshow xval yval moveto sx xval add yval lineto CurrentUnderlineThickness CurrentSize mul 1000.0 div setlinewidth stroke } { bshow } ifelse grestore } bind def /bshow { CurrentCompress 1 eq { show } { dup length /len exch def len 0 ne { dup stringwidth pop /wid exch def CurrentCompress wid mul % (factor * wid) wid sub % (factor * wid) - wid len div % stack: string per_char_amt exch 0 exch ashow } if } ifelse } bind def /colorsetup { % exchange colors 0 and 15 bgiColorTable 0 get % stack: [r g b] bgiColorTable 15 get exch bgiColorTable 0 put bgiColorTable 15 put } bind def % ---- initialization /CurrentFill 1 def /CurrentFont -1 def /CurrentSize -1 def /CurrentColor 15 def /bgiMono 0 def /bgiFill 1 def /bgiColor 15 def /bgiFillColor 15 def /bgiSize 10 def /bgiFont 1 def /bgiOrient 0 def /bgiRes 1 def /bgiAttrib 0 def 1.415 setmiterlimit 0.5 setlinewidth /Memory0 save def /Memory1 save def 0 0 moveto %%EndProlog 24 185 587 608 SC /bgiRes 0 def /bgiMono true def /bgiOrient 0 def 0 15 32 DF 611 1 0 792 SC 1 255 CO 587 185 24 608 SC [] 0 SD .75 LW 1 1 CO 0 FP 0 FP [] 0 SD .75 LW [] 0 SD .75 LW 86 214 86 581 DL 546 214 546 581 DL 97 210 97 214 DL 118 210 118 214 DL 140 210 140 214 DL 162 210 162 214 DL 184 210 184 214 DL 171 208 MT 0 13 32 DF 171 208 MT 1 ST (1991)0 0 0 2 SH 206 210 206 214 DL 228 210 228 214 DL 250 210 250 214 DL 271 210 271 214 DL 293 210 293 214 DL 315 210 315 214 DL 337 210 337 214 DL 359 210 359 214 DL 381 210 381 214 DL 403 210 403 214 DL 425 210 425 214 DL 447 210 447 214 DL 434 208 MT 434 208 MT 1 ST (1992)0 0 0 2 SH 469 210 469 214 DL 491 210 491 214 DL 513 210 513 214 DL 535 210 535 214 DL 546 214 81 214 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 75 218 MT 75 218 MT 1 ST (0)0 0 0 2 SH [2 2] 0 SD .75 LW 546 267 86 267 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 86 267 81 267 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 65 270 MT 65 270 MT 1 ST (0.2)0 0 0 2 SH [2 2] 0 SD .75 LW 546 319 86 319 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 86 319 81 319 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 65 323 MT 65 323 MT 1 ST (0.4)0 0 0 2 SH [2 2] 0 SD .75 LW 546 372 86 372 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 86 372 81 372 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 65 375 MT 65 375 MT 1 ST (0.6)0 0 0 2 SH [2 2] 0 SD .75 LW 546 424 86 424 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 86 424 81 424 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 65 427 MT 65 427 MT 1 ST (0.8)0 0 0 2 SH [2 2] 0 SD .75 LW 546 476 86 476 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 86 476 81 476 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 75 480 MT 75 480 MT 1 ST (1)0 0 0 2 SH [2 2] 0 SD .75 LW 546 529 86 529 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 86 529 81 529 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 65 532 MT 65 532 MT 1 ST (1.2)0 0 0 2 SH 546 581 81 581 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 65 584 MT 65 584 MT 1 ST (1.4)0 0 0 2 SH 546 214 81 214 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 46 502 MT 0 15 32 DF 46 502 MT 1 ST (Average Violations Per Participant)1 1 0 2 SH 546 214 81 214 DL 546 214 546 214 DL 97 302 MT 101 299 MT 93 299 101 299 DL 93 305 93 299 DL 101 305 93 305 DL 101 299 101 305 DL 97 302 MT 118 345 MT 122 342 MT 114 342 122 342 DL 114 348 114 342 DL 122 348 114 348 DL 122 342 122 348 DL 118 345 MT [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 118 345 97 302 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 140 327 MT 144 324 MT 136 324 144 324 DL 136 330 136 324 DL 144 330 136 330 DL 144 324 144 330 DL 140 327 MT [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 140 327 118 345 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 162 444 MT 166 441 MT 158 441 166 441 DL 158 447 158 441 DL 166 447 158 447 DL 166 441 166 447 DL 162 444 MT [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 162 444 140 327 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 184 448 MT 188 445 MT 180 445 188 445 DL 180 451 180 445 DL 188 451 180 451 DL 188 445 188 451 DL 184 448 MT [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 184 448 162 444 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 206 313 MT 210 310 MT 202 310 210 310 DL 202 316 202 310 DL 210 316 202 316 DL 210 310 210 316 DL 206 313 MT [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 206 313 184 448 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 228 364 MT 232 361 MT 224 361 232 361 DL 224 367 224 361 DL 232 367 224 367 DL 232 361 232 367 DL 228 364 MT [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 228 364 206 313 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 250 378 MT 254 375 MT 246 375 254 375 DL 246 381 246 375 DL 254 381 246 381 DL 254 375 254 381 DL 250 378 MT [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 250 378 228 364 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 271 402 MT 275 399 MT 267 399 275 399 DL 267 405 267 399 DL 275 405 267 405 DL 275 399 275 405 DL 271 402 MT [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 271 402 250 378 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 293 424 MT 297 421 MT 289 421 297 421 DL 289 427 289 421 DL 297 427 289 427 DL 297 421 297 427 DL 293 424 MT [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 293 424 271 402 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 315 247 MT 319 244 MT 311 244 319 244 DL 311 250 311 244 DL 319 250 311 250 DL 319 244 319 250 DL 315 247 MT [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 315 247 293 424 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 337 313 MT 341 310 MT 333 310 341 310 DL 333 316 333 310 DL 341 316 333 316 DL 341 310 341 316 DL 337 313 MT [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 337 313 315 247 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 359 331 MT 363 328 MT 355 328 363 328 DL 355 334 355 328 DL 363 334 355 334 DL 363 328 363 334 DL 359 331 MT [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 359 331 337 313 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 381 398 MT 385 395 MT 377 395 385 395 DL 377 401 377 395 DL 385 401 377 401 DL 385 395 385 401 DL 381 398 MT [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 381 398 359 331 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 403 275 MT 407 272 MT 399 272 407 272 DL 399 278 399 272 DL 407 278 399 278 DL 407 272 407 278 DL 403 275 MT [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 403 275 381 398 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 425 287 MT 429 284 MT 421 284 429 284 DL 421 290 421 284 DL 429 290 421 290 DL 429 284 429 290 DL 425 287 MT [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 425 287 403 275 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 447 449 MT 451 446 MT 443 446 451 446 DL 443 452 443 446 DL 451 452 443 452 DL 451 446 451 452 DL 447 449 MT [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 447 449 425 287 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 469 389 MT 473 386 MT 465 386 473 386 DL 465 392 465 386 DL 473 392 465 392 DL 473 386 473 392 DL 469 389 MT [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 469 389 447 449 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 491 404 MT 495 401 MT 487 401 495 401 DL 487 407 487 401 DL 495 407 487 407 DL 495 401 495 407 DL 491 404 MT [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 491 404 469 389 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 513 555 MT 517 552 MT 509 552 517 552 DL 509 558 509 552 DL 517 558 509 558 DL 517 552 517 558 DL 513 555 MT [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 513 555 491 404 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 535 463 MT 539 460 MT 531 460 539 460 DL 531 466 531 460 DL 539 466 531 466 DL 539 460 539 466 DL 535 463 MT [] 0 SD 1.5 LW 535 463 513 555 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW showpage restore %%Trailer $ \P )Contains Data for q Postscript Only.BK`%!PS-Adobe-2.0 EPSF-1.2 %%Creator: BGI by Borland International %%Title: BGI Graphics %%BoundingBox: 24 185 587 608 %***************************************************************** % File: preamble.bgi % Postscript preamble file for BGI Postscript driver % (c) Copyright 1989 Borland International % Last Update: 8-31-89 %***************************************************************** %%EndComments save /dic 12 dict def /RES { dic begin /cn exch def /new exch def /bf exch def /bd bf findfont def /fo bd maxlength dict def bd { exch dup /FID ne { dup /Encoding eq { exch dup length array copy fo 3 1 roll put } { exch fo 3 1 roll put } ifelse } { pop pop } ifelse } forall fo /FontName new put cn aload pop cn length 2 idiv { fo /Encoding get 3 1 roll put } repeat new fo definefont pop end } def /pcVector [ 16#00 /fraction 16#01 /currency 16#02 /guilsinglright 16#03 /fi 16#04 /fl 16#05 /lslash 16#07 /bullet 16#08 /bullet 16#09 /bullet 16#0a /bullet 16#0b /Aacute 16#0c /Acircumflex 16#0d /Agrave 16#0e /Atilde 16#0f /Ecircumflex 16#10 /Edieresis 16#11 /Egrave 16#12 /Iacute 16#13 /Icircumflex 16#14 /paragraph 16#15 /section 16#16 /Idieresis 16#17 /Igrave 16#18 /Oacute 16#19 /Ocircumflex 16#1a /Ograve 16#1b /Otilde 16#1c /Scaron 16#1d /Uacute 16#1e /Ucircumflex 16#1f /Ugrave 16#80 /Ccedilla 16#81 /udieresis 16#82 /eacute 16#83 /acircumflex 16#84 /adieresis 16#85 /agrave 16#86 /aring 16#87 /ccedilla 16#88 /ecircumflex 16#89 /edieresis 16#8a /egrave 16#8b /idieresis 16#8c /icircumflex 16#8d /igrave 16#8e /Adieresis 16#8f /Aring 16#90 /Eacute 16#91 /ae 16#92 /AE 16#93 /ocircumflex 16#94 /odieresis 16#95 /ograve 16#96 /ucircumflex 16#97 /ugrave 16#98 /ydieresis 16#99 /Odieresis 16#9a /Udieresis 16#9b /cent 16#9c /sterling 16#9d /yen 16#9f /florin 16#a0 /aacute 16#a1 /iacute 16#a2 /oacute 16#a3 /uacute 16#a4 /ntilde 16#a5 /Ntilde 16#a6 /ordfeminine 16#a7 /ordmasculine 16#a8 /questiondown 16#aa /threequarters 16#ab /onehalf 16#ac /onequarter 16#ad /exclamdown 16#ae /guillemotleft 16#af /guillemotright 16#d1 /Zcaron 16#d2 /atilde 16#d3 /otilde 16#d4 /scaron 16#d5 /zcaron 16#d6 /Ydieresis 16#f8 /ring ] def /OP { bgiFill 0 ne bgiRes 0 eq and bgiFill 1 eq or % 1 = SolidFill { 1 CurrentFill ne { level0 } if bgiFillColor % stack: (color) dup /CurrentColor exch def % set color bgiRes 1 eq { bgiGrayTable exch get setgray } { setbgicolor } ifelse }{ % stack: - 0 bgiFill eq % 0 = HollowFill { }{ bgiFill dup 15 gt { pop }{ % stack: bgiFill dup bgiRes 0 ne exch 9 ne and { level0 bgiPatTable exch get setpatterndict begin /bstring exch def /onbits 0 def /offbits 0 def %9.375 0 /spot load setscreen 18.75 0 /spot load setscreen {} settransfer offbits offbits onbits add div end setgray }{ pop level0 % for pattern 9 0.3 setgray } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse /CurrentFill bgiFill def newpath } bind def /toStack { bgiMono bgiFill bgiColor bgiFillColor bgiSize bgiFont bgiAttrib bgiOrient bgiRes x0Clip y0Clip x1Clip y1Clip } def /fromStack { /y1Clip exch def /x1Clip exch def /y0Clip exch def /x0Clip exch def /bgiRes exch def /bgiOrient exch def /bgiAttrib exch def /bgiFont exch def /bgiSize exch def /bgiFillColor exch def /bgiColor exch def /bgiFill exch def /bgiMono exch def } def /level0 { toStack Memory0 restore fromStack /Memory0 save def newpath x0Clip y0Clip moveto x0Clip y1Clip lineto x1Clip y1Clip lineto x1Clip y0Clip lineto closepath clip newpath /Memory1 save def /CurrentFont -1 def /CurrentColor 0 def } def /CL { closepath dup 1 eq { DO } if dup 2 eq { gsave 0 CurrentFill ne % 0 = Hollow fill { fill } if grestore DO } if 3 eq { 0 CurrentFill ne % 0 = Hollow fill { fill } if } if } bind def /DO % draw outline { bgiMono false eq { % color printer bgiColor setbgicolor } { 0.0 setgray } ifelse stroke } def /setpatterndict 18 dict def /spot { 1 add 4 mul cvi exch 1 add 4 mul cvi /xbit exch def /ybit exch def bstring ybit xbit -3 bitshift add get 1 7 xbit 7 and sub bitshift and 0 ne { /onbits onbits 1 add def 1} { /offbits offbits 1 add def 0} ifelse } bind def /bgiFontTable [ [ /AvantGarde-Book -96 58 739] [ /AvantGarde-BookOblique -96 58 739] [ /AvantGarde-Demi -92 90 739] [ /AvantGarde-DemiOblique -92 90 39] [ /Bookman-Demi -121 106 725] [ /Bookman-DemiItalic -106 106 732] [ /Bookman-Light -125 60 717] [ /Bookman-LightItalic -110 60 717] [ /Courier -82 40 624] [ /Courier-Bold -85 100 674] [ /Courier-BoldOblique -85 100 674] [ /Courier-Oblique -82 40 624] [ /Helvetica -97 73 729] [ /Helvetica-Bold -106 73 729] [ /Helvetica-BoldOblique -106 105 729] [ /Helvetica-Oblique -106 73 729] [ /Helvetica-Narrow -97 73 729] [ /Helvetica-Narrow-Bold -106 73 729] [ /Helvetica-Narrow-BoldOblique -106 73 729] [ /Helvetica-Narrow-Oblique -97 73 729] [ /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold -103 106 737] [ /NewCenturySchlbk-BoldItalic -102 54 737] [ /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic -102 42 737] [ /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman -103 61 737] [ /Palatino-Bold -98 44 719] [ /Palatino-BoldItalic -98 54 726] [ /Palatino-Italic -138 50 733] [ /Palatino-Roman -141 38 723] [ /Symbol -98 54 720] [ /Times-Bold -99 95 670] [ /Times-BoldItalic -98 54 682] [ /Times-Italic -96 48 684] [ /Times-Roman -109 49 682] [ /ZapfChancery-MediumItalic -120 50 678] [ /ZapfDingbats -98 54 720] ] def /bgiPatTable [ <0000000000000000> <0102040810204080> <8142241818244281> <8000080080000800> <8800220088002200> <081c22c180010204> <0001020400402010> ] def /bgiGrayTable [ 1.00 0.11 0.59 0.70 0.30 0.41 0.40 1.00 0.50 0.40 0.73 0.80 0.53 0.60 0.93 0.00 ] def /bgiColorTable [ [1 1 1] % white [0 0 1] % blue [0 1 0] % green [0 1 1] % cyan [1 0 0] % red [1 0 1] [0.67 0.33 0] % brown [1 1 1] % white [0.9 0.9 0.9] % gray [0.33 0.33 1] % lightblue [0.33 1 0.33] % lightgreen [0.33 1 1] % lightcyan [1 0.33 0.33] % lightred [1 0.33 1] % lightmagenta [1 1 0.33] % yellow [0 0 0] % black [0.75 0.75 0.75] % gray (color 7 on color printers) ] def /MT /moveto load def /LT /lineto load def /CP /closepath load def /NP /newpath load def /SD /setdash load def /SG /setgray load def /TR /translate load def /LW /setlinewidth load def /DL { moveto lineto DO } bind def /TW { 20 div exch 20 div exch moveto 20 div exch 20 div exch lineto DO } bind def /TB { 20 div 4 1 roll 20 div 4 1 roll 20 div 4 1 roll 20 div 4 1 roll DB } bind def /SC { /y1Clip exch def /x1Clip exch def /y0Clip exch def /x0Clip exch def level0 } bind def /ellipsedict 12 dict def ellipsedict /mtrx matrix put /SA % stack: x y xrad yrad start delta { % add an arc to the current path ellipsedict begin /delta exch 60.0 div def /startangle exch 60.0 div def /yrad exch def /xrad exch def /y exch def /x exch def /endangle startangle delta add def /savematrix mtrx currentmatrix def x y translate xrad yrad scale 0 0 1 delta 0 gt {startangle endangle arc } {startangle endangle arcn} ifelse savematrix setmatrix end } bind def /DOARC % stack: x y xrad yrad start end { % add an arc to the current path ellipsedict begin /endangle exch def /startangle exch def bgiOrient 0 ne { exch } if /yrad exch def /xrad exch def /y exch def /x exch def /savematrix mtrx currentmatrix def x y translate xrad yrad scale 0 0 1 startangle endangle arc savematrix setmatrix end } bind def /FE % stack: x y xrad yrad for ellipse { gsave OP 0 360 DOARC 3 CL grestore DO } bind def /DB % stack: x1 y1 x0 y0 color { OP /y0 exch def /x0 exch def /y1 exch def /x1 exch def newpath x0 y0 moveto x0 y1 lineto x1 y1 lineto x1 y0 lineto 3 CL } bind def /DF % stack: (attrib) (size) (font) { /bgiFont exch def /bgiSize exch def /bgiAttrib exch def } bind def /FP % stack: (fill #) { dup 15 le { /bgiFill exch def }{ pop } ifelse } bind def /CO { % stack: (color) (fill color) dup 15 le { /bgiFillColor exch def} {pop} ifelse dup 15 le { /bgiColor exch def} {pop} ifelse } bind def /ST % start text % stack: - { CurrentSize bgiSize ne CurrentFont bgiFont ne or { currentpoint toStack Memory1 restore fromStack moveto /Memory1 save def /CurrentColor 0 def bgiFont dup /CurrentFont exch def dup dup 8 ge exch 15 le and { dup 8 eq % courier { 0.93 } { dup 9 eq % courier-bold { 0.94 } { dup 11 eq % courier-bolditalic (1.02 expansion) { 0.95 } { dup 10 eq % courier-italic { 0.95 } { dup 12 eq % helvetica { 0.93 } { dup 13 eq % helvetica-bold { 0.96 } { dup 14 eq % helvetica-bolditalic { 0.93 } { dup 15 eq % helvetica-italic (1.02 expansion) { 0.96 } { 1 } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse } { dup 32 eq % times-roman { 1 } { dup 29 eq % times-bold (1.02 expansion) { 0.95 } { dup 30 eq % times-boldoblique { 0.91 } { dup 31 eq %times-italic { 0.92 } { 1 % everything else } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse /CurrentCompress exch def bgiFontTable exch get % stack: [(font name) offset thick] dup 0 get % stack: array fontname exch dup 1 get /CurrentUnderlineOffset exch def dup 2 get /CurrentUnderlineThickness exch def 3 get /CurrentAscender exch bgiSize mul 1000.0 div def /thisFont pcVector RES /thisFont findfont bgiSize dup /CurrentSize exch def scalefont setfont } if % set the text color or gray scale bgiMono false eq { % color printer stack: color setbgicolor } { % mono printer 0 eq % stack: color { 1.0 setgray} { 0.0 setgray} ifelse } ifelse } bind def /setbgicolor { dup 7 eq bgiMono not and { pop 16 } if bgiColorTable exch get % stack: [r g b] dup 0 get % stack: [r g b] r exch dup 1 get % stack: r [rgb] g exch 2 get % stack: r g b setrgbcolor } bind def /SH % stack: string tdir rot justx justy { /justy exch def /justx exch def 90 mul /rot exch def 0 ne % tdir is on the stack % (this will move into driver) { /justx 2 def } if dup stringwidth pop CurrentCompress mul /sx exch def sx justx mul -0.5 mul justy 0 eq { 0 % baseline aligned } { justy 1 eq { CurrentAscender 2 div neg % center aligned } { CurrentAscender neg % top aligned } ifelse } ifelse % underlining gsave rot rotate rmoveto bgiAttrib 4 and 0 ne % true if underlined, false otherwise { currentpoint CurrentUnderlineOffset CurrentSize mul 1000.0 div add /yval exch def /xval exch def bshow xval yval moveto sx xval add yval lineto CurrentUnderlineThickness CurrentSize mul 1000.0 div setlinewidth stroke } { bshow } ifelse grestore } bind def /bshow { CurrentCompress 1 eq { show } { dup length /len exch def len 0 ne { dup stringwidth pop /wid exch def CurrentCompress wid mul % (factor * wid) wid sub % (factor * wid) - wid len div % stack: string per_char_amt exch 0 exch ashow } if } ifelse } bind def /colorsetup { % exchange colors 0 and 15 bgiColorTable 0 get % stack: [r g b] bgiColorTable 15 get exch bgiColorTable 0 put bgiColorTable 15 put } bind def % ---- initialization /CurrentFill 1 def /CurrentFont -1 def /CurrentSize -1 def /CurrentColor 15 def /bgiMono 0 def /bgiFill 1 def /bgiColor 15 def /bgiFillColor 15 def /bgiSize 10 def /bgiFont 1 def /bgiOrient 0 def /bgiRes 1 def /bgiAttrib 0 def 1.415 setmiterlimit 0.5 setlinewidth /Memory0 save def /Memory1 save def 0 0 moveto %%EndProlog 24 185 587 608 SC /bgiRes 0 def /bgiMono true def /bgiOrient 0 def 0 15 0 DF 611 1 0 792 SC 1 255 CO 587 185 24 608 SC 15 255 CO [] 0 SD .75 LW 15 15 CO 0 FP 0 FP 0 FP [] 0 SD .75 LW 15 0 CO 1 FP 406 195 205 222 DB 406 222 205 222 DL 406 222 406 195 DL 205 195 406 195 DL 205 222 205 195 DL 15 14 CO 212 203 MT 242 203 212 217 DB 212 217 212 203 DL 242 217 212 217 DL 242 203 242 217 DL 212 203 242 203 DL 242 203 MT 15 14 CO 249 216 MT 0 15 32 DF 249 216 MT 15 ST (1990-91)0 0 0 2 SH 15 15 CO 305 203 MT 335 203 305 217 DB 305 217 305 203 DL 335 217 305 217 DL 335 203 335 217 DL 305 203 335 203 DL 335 203 MT 15 15 CO 342 216 MT 342 216 MT 15 ST (1991-92)0 0 0 2 SH [] 0 SD .75 LW 0 FP 0 FP [] 0 SD .75 LW 100 258 100 581 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 100 258 100 262 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 156 255 MT 156 255 MT 15 ST (Drug/Alcohol)0 0 0 2 SH 258 258 258 262 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 286 255 MT 286 255 MT 15 ST (Acting Out)0 0 0 2 SH 381 258 381 262 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 415 255 MT 415 255 MT 15 ST (Abscond)0 0 0 2 SH 539 258 539 581 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 539 262 96 262 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 75 267 MT 75 267 MT 15 ST (0\%)0 0 0 2 SH [2 2] 0 SD .75 LW 539 315 100 315 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 100 315 96 315 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 67 320 MT 67 320 MT 15 ST (10\%)0 0 0 2 SH [2 2] 0 SD .75 LW 539 369 100 369 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 100 369 96 369 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 67 373 MT 67 373 MT 15 ST (20\%)0 0 0 2 SH [2 2] 0 SD .75 LW 539 422 100 422 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 100 422 96 422 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 67 427 MT 67 427 MT 15 ST (30\%)0 0 0 2 SH [2 2] 0 SD .75 LW 539 475 100 475 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 100 475 96 475 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 67 480 MT 67 480 MT 15 ST (40\%)0 0 0 2 SH [2 2] 0 SD .75 LW 539 528 100 528 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 100 528 96 528 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 67 533 MT 67 533 MT 15 ST (50\%)0 0 0 2 SH 539 581 96 581 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 67 586 MT 67 586 MT 15 ST (60\%)0 0 0 2 SH 539 262 96 262 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 49 530 MT 49 530 MT 15 ST (Percent of Non-Schedule Violations)1 1 0 2 SH 539 262 96 262 DL 539 262 539 262 DL 1 FP 15 14 CO 160 262 MT 197 262 160 475 DB 160 475 160 262 DL 197 475 160 475 DL 197 262 197 475 DL 160 262 197 262 DL 197 262 MT 15 14 CO 165 489 MT 165 489 MT 15 ST (40\%)0 0 0 2 SH 15 15 CO 197 262 MT 234 262 197 385 DB 197 385 197 262 DL 234 385 197 385 DL 234 262 234 385 DL 197 262 234 262 DL 234 262 MT 15 15 CO 202 399 MT 202 399 MT 15 ST (23\%)0 0 0 2 SH 15 14 CO 283 262 MT 319 262 283 369 DB 283 369 283 262 DL 319 369 283 369 DL 319 262 319 369 DL 283 262 319 262 DL 319 262 MT 15 14 CO 288 383 MT 288 383 MT 15 ST (20\%)0 0 0 2 SH 15 15 CO 319 262 MT 356 262 319 549 DB 319 549 319 262 DL 356 549 319 549 DL 356 262 356 549 DL 319 262 356 262 DL 356 262 MT 15 15 CO 324 563 MT 324 563 MT 15 ST (54\%)0 0 0 2 SH 15 14 CO 405 262 MT 442 262 405 475 DB 405 475 405 262 DL 442 475 405 475 DL 442 262 442 475 DL 405 262 442 262 DL 442 262 MT 15 14 CO 410 489 MT 410 489 MT 15 ST (40\%)0 0 0 2 SH 15 15 CO 442 262 MT 478 262 442 385 DB 442 385 442 262 DL 478 385 442 385 DL 478 262 478 385 DL 442 262 478 262 DL 478 262 MT 15 15 CO 447 399 MT 447 399 MT 15 ST (23\%)0 0 0 2 SH showpage restore %%Trailer $ \P )Contains Data for q Postscript Only.sTK`%!PS-Adobe-2.0 EPSF-1.2 %%Creator: BGI by Borland International %%Title: BGI Graphics %%BoundingBox: 24 185 587 608 %***************************************************************** % File: preamble.bgi % Postscript preamble file for BGI Postscript driver % (c) Copyright 1989 Borland International % Last Update: 2-28-90 international %***************************************************************** %%EndComments save /dic 12 dict def /RES { dic begin /cn exch def /new exch def /bf exch def /bd bf findfont def /fo bd maxlength dict def bd { exch dup /FID ne { dup /Encoding eq { exch dup length array copy fo 3 1 roll put } { exch fo 3 1 roll put } ifelse } { pop pop } ifelse } forall fo /FontName new put cn aload pop cn length 2 idiv { fo /Encoding get 3 1 roll put } repeat new fo definefont pop end } def % 1-30-90 /pcVector [ 16#00 /circumflex 16#01 /grave 16#02 /dieresis 16#03 /tilde 16#04 /acute 16#05 /cedilla 16#06 /ring 16#07 /slash 16#08 /caron 16#80 /Ccedilla 16#81 /udieresis 16#82 /eacute 16#83 /acircumflex 16#84 /adieresis 16#85 /agrave 16#86 /aring 16#87 /ccedilla 16#88 /ecircumflex 16#89 /edieresis 16#8a /egrave 16#8b /idieresis 16#8c /icircumflex 16#8d /igrave 16#8e /Adieresis 16#8f /Aring 16#90 /Eacute 16#91 /ae 16#92 /AE 16#93 /ocircumflex 16#94 /odieresis 16#95 /ograve 16#96 /ucircumflex 16#97 /ugrave 16#98 /ydieresis 16#99 /Odieresis 16#9a /Udieresis 16#9b /oslash 16#9c /sterling 16#9d /Oslash 16#9f /florin 16#a0 /aacute 16#a1 /iacute 16#a2 /oacute 16#a3 /uacute 16#a4 /ntilde 16#a5 /Ntilde 16#a6 /ordfeminine 16#a7 /ordmasculine 16#a8 /questiondown 16#ad /exclamdown 16#ae /guillemotleft 16#af /guillemotright 16#b0 /space 16#b1 /space 16#b2 /space 16#b3 /space 16#b7 /idieresis 16#b9 /Agrave 16#ba /currency 16#bb /sterling 16#bc /Ecircumflex 16#bd /section 16#be /Acircumflex 16#bf /Egrave 16#c0 /yen 16#c2 /cent 16#c3 /Ugrave 16#c8 /atilde 16#cb /space 16#d1 /Icircumflex 16#d2 /atilde 16#d3 /otilde 16#d4 /scaron 16#d5 /zcaron 16#d6 /Ydieresis 16#da /Atilde 16#df /Ocircumflex 16#e0 /a 16#e1 /germandbls 16#e2 /c 16#e3 /p 16#e4 /s 16#e5 /s 16#e6 /m 16#e7 /t 16#e9 /t 16#ea /o 16#eb /d 16#ec /i 16#ed /Oslash 16#ee /e 16#f0 /Aacute 16#f1 /germandbls ] def % end 1-30-90 /OP { bgiFill 0 ne bgiRes 0 eq and bgiFill 1 eq or % 1 = SolidFill { 1 CurrentFill ne { level0 } if bgiFillColor % stack: (color) dup /CurrentColor exch def % set color bgiRes 1 eq { bgiGrayTable exch get setgray } { setbgicolor } ifelse }{ % stack: - 0 bgiFill eq % 0 = HollowFill { }{ bgiFill dup 15 gt { pop }{ % stack: bgiFill dup bgiRes 0 ne exch 9 ne and { level0 bgiPatTable exch get setpatterndict begin /bstring exch def /onbits 0 def /offbits 0 def %9.375 0 /spot load setscreen 18.75 0 /spot load setscreen {} settransfer offbits offbits onbits add div end setgray }{ pop level0 % for pattern 9 0.3 setgray } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse } ifelse /CurrentFill bgiFill def newpath } bind def /toStack { bgiMono bgiFill bgiColor bgiFillColor bgiSize bgiFont bgiAttrib bgiOrient bgiRes x0Clip y0Clip x1Clip y1Clip } def /fromStack { /y1Clip exch def /x1Clip exch def /y0Clip exch def /x0Clip exch def /bgiRes exch def /bgiOrient exch def /bgiAttrib exch def /bgiFont exch def /bgiSize exch def /bgiFillColor exch def /bgiColor exch def /bgiFill exch def /bgiMono exch def } def /level0 { toStack Memory0 restore fromStack /Memory0 save def newpath x0Clip y0Clip moveto x0Clip y1Clip lineto x1Clip y1Clip lineto x1Clip y0Clip lineto closepath clip newpath /Memory1 save def /CurrentFont -1 def /CurrentColor 0 def } def /CL { closepath dup 1 eq { DO } if dup 2 eq { gsave 0 CurrentFill ne % 0 = Hollow fill { fill } if grestore DO } if 3 eq { 0 CurrentFill ne % 0 = Hollow fill { fill } if } if } bind def /DO % draw outline { bgiMono false eq { % color printer bgiColor setbgicolor } { 0.0 setgray } ifelse stroke } def /setpatterndict 18 dict def /spot { 1 add 4 mul cvi exch 1 add 4 mul cvi /xbit exch def /ybit exch def bstring ybit xbit -3 bitshift add get 1 7 xbit 7 and sub bitshift and 0 ne { /onbits onbits 1 add def 1} { /offbits offbits 1 add def 0} ifelse } bind def /bgiFontTable [ [ /AvantGarde-Book -96 58 739] [ /AvantGarde-BookOblique -96 58 739] [ /AvantGarde-Demi -92 90 739] [ /AvantGarde-DemiOblique -92 90 39] [ /Bookman-Demi -121 106 725] [ /Bookman-DemiItalic -106 106 732] [ /Bookman-Light -125 60 717] [ /Bookman-LightItalic -110 60 717] [ /Courier -82 40 624] [ /Courier-Bold -85 100 674] [ /Courier-BoldOblique -85 100 674] [ /Courier-Oblique -82 40 624] [ /Helvetica -97 73 729] [ /Helvetica-Bold -106 73 729] [ /Helvetica-BoldOblique -106 105 729] [ /Helvetica-Oblique -106 73 729] [ /Helvetica-Narrow -97 73 729] [ /Helvetica-Narrow-Bold -106 73 729] [ /Helvetica-Narrow-BoldOblique -106 73 729] [ /Helvetica-Narrow-Oblique -97 73 729] [ /NewCenturySchlbk-Bold -103 106 737] [ /NewCenturySchlbk-BoldItalic -102 54 737] [ /NewCenturySchlbk-Italic -102 42 737] [ /NewCenturySchlbk-Roman -103 61 737] [ /Palatino-Bold -98 44 719] [ /Palatino-BoldItalic -98 54 726] [ /Palatino-Italic -138 50 733] [ /Palatino-Roman -141 38 723] [ /Symbol -98 54 720] [ /Times-Bold -99 95 670] [ /Times-BoldItalic -98 54 682] [ /Times-Italic -96 48 684] [ /Times-Roman -109 49 682] [ /ZapfChancery-MediumItalic -120 50 678] [ /ZapfDingbats -98 54 720] ] def /bgiPatTable [ <0000000000000000> <0102040810204080> <8142241818244281> <8000080080000800> <8800220088002200> <081c22c180010204> <0001020400402010> ] def /bgiGrayTable [ 1.00 0.11 0.59 0.70 0.30 0.41 0.40 1.00 0.50 0.40 0.73 0.80 0.53 0.60 0.93 0.00 ] def /bgiColorTable [ [1 1 1] % white [0 0 1] % blue [0 1 0] % green [0 1 1] % cyan [1 0 0] % red [1 0 1] [0.67 0.33 0] % brown [1 1 1] % white [0.9 0.9 0.9] % gray [0.33 0.33 1] % lightblue [0.33 1 0.33] % lightgreen [0.33 1 1] % lightcyan [1 0.33 0.33] % lightred [1 0.33 1] % lightmagenta [1 1 0.33] % yellow [0 0 0] % black [0.75 0.75 0.75] % gray (color 7 on color printers) ] def /MT /moveto load def /LT /lineto load def /CP /closepath load def /NP /newpath load def /SD /setdash load def /SG /setgray load def /TR /translate load def /LW /setlinewidth load def /DL { moveto lineto DO } bind def /TW { 20 div exch 20 div exch moveto 20 div exch 20 div exch lineto DO } bind def /TB { 20 div 4 1 roll 20 div 4 1 roll 20 div 4 1 roll 20 div 4 1 roll DB } bind def /SC { /y1Clip exch def /x1Clip exch def /y0Clip exch def /x0Clip exch def level0 } bind def /ellipsedict 12 dict def ellipsedict /mtrx matrix put /SA % stack: x y xrad yrad start delta { % add an arc to the current path ellipsedict begin /delta exch 60.0 div def /startangle exch 60.0 div def /yrad exch def /xrad exch def /y exch def /x exch def /endangle startangle delta add def /savematrix mtrx currentmatrix def x y translate xrad yrad scale 0 0 1 delta 0 gt {startangle endangle arc } {startangle endangle arcn} ifelse savematrix setmatrix end } bind def /DOARC % stack: x y xrad yrad start end { % add an arc to the current path ellipsedict begin /endangle exch def /startangle exch def bgiOrient 0 ne { exch } if /yrad exch def /xrad exch def /y exch def /x exch def /savematrix mtrx currentmatrix def x y translate xrad yrad scale 0 0 1 startangle endangle arc savematrix setmatrix end } bind def /FE % stack: x y xrad yrad for ellipse { gsave OP 0 360 DOARC 3 CL grestore DO } bind def /DB % stack: x1 y1 x0 y0 color { OP /y0 exch def /x0 exch def /y1 exch def /x1 exch def newpath x0 y0 moveto x0 y1 lineto x1 y1 lineto x1 y0 lineto 3 CL } bind def /DF % stack: (attrib) (size) (font) { /bgiFont exch def % dup 6 eq {pop 7} if /bgiSize exch def /bgiAttrib exch def } bind def /FP % stack: (fill #) { dup 15 le { /bgiFill exch def }{ pop } ifelse } bind def /CO { % stack: 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270 473 270 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 130 279 MT 130 279 MT 1 ST (If a youth fights another youth, he or she will get into real trouble 88\%)0 0 0 2 SH 477 283 473 283 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 161 293 MT 161 293 MT 1 ST (Staff always compliment a youth who does something well 87\%)0 0 0 2 SH 477 297 473 297 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 217 307 MT 217 307 MT 1 ST (Once a schedule is set, the youth must follow it 81\%)0 0 0 2 SH 477 310 473 310 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 118 320 MT 118 320 MT 1 ST (If a youth is asked to do something, staff always tell him or her why 81\%)0 0 0 2 SH 477 324 473 324 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 265 334 MT 265 334 MT 1 ST (This a a very well organized program 79\%)0 0 0 2 SH 477 337 473 337 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 254 347 MT 254 347 MT 1 ST (Youth's activities are carefully planned 77\%)0 0 0 2 SH 477 351 473 351 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 240 361 MT 240 361 MT 1 ST (Youth are expected to take leadership here 73\%)0 0 0 2 SH 477 365 473 365 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 131 374 MT 131 374 MT 1 ST (Youth are expected to make 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477 473 473 473 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 251 483 MT 251 483 MT 1 ST (Staff have little time to encourage youth 38\%)0 0 0 2 SH 477 487 473 487 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 191 496 MT 191 496 MT 1 ST (Things are sometimes very disorganized around here 38\%)0 0 0 2 SH 477 500 473 500 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 270 510 MT 270 510 MT 1 ST (The youth are proud of this program 25\%)0 0 0 2 SH 477 514 473 514 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 245 523 MT 245 523 MT 1 ST (There is little group spirit in this program 20\%)0 0 0 2 SH 477 527 473 527 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 93 537 MT 93 537 MT 1 ST (There is little emphasis on teaching youth solutions to practical problems 19\%)0 0 0 2 SH 477 541 473 541 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 240 550 MT 240 550 MT 1 ST (It is hard to tell how youth are feeling here 14\%)0 0 0 2 SH 477 554 473 554 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 87 564 MT 87 564 MT 1 ST (Staff rarely give youth a detailed explanation of what the program is about 13\%)0 0 0 2 SH 477 568 473 568 DL [] 0 SD .75 LW 135 578 MT 135 578 MT 1 ST (The staff very rarely 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A. 1. a.(1)(a) i) a) 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1.<<This is the final version of the CCCC Youth IDP evaluation report, but without the tables and figures included. The table of contents, list of tables, and list of figures are not correct/finished. < < < < < < < < < * U 1 "" 1 !! x ddP#  U 3Report prepared by: < <  ] 2# P['C ,7 P#Annette Jolin, Ph.D.#  P['C>P# )? Department of Administration of Justice 0dPortland State University 1Portland, Oregon 97207 < <  ]' 3# P['C ,7 P#Brian Stipak, Ph.D.#  P['C>P# + Department of Public Administration 0dPortland State University 1Portland, Oregon 97207<0+--- '#.!0  W I!U  yxdddy  I  0 #g2p}wC Ea# Clackamas County Community Corrections Intensive Drug Program for Youth: Evaluation Report I\"c R #_ P['C P#: \# P['C>P#i4 TABLE OF CONTENTS ă #_ P['C P#    XLIST OF TABLES p "(#h 3 XLIST OF FIGURES p "(#h 4 XEXECUTIVE SUMMARY p "(#h 5 X1. Description of Evaluation Methods p "(#h 6 X2. Program Design and Implementation p "(#h 7 XX` ` 2.1. Program Description ` p "(#h 7 XX` ` 2.2. Program Level Structure ` p "(#h 8 XX` ` 2.3. Program Administration ` p!(#h 11 X3. Important Design and Implementation Issues p!(#h 15 XX` ` 3.1. Referral Process and Target Group Concerns ` p!(#h 15 XX` ` 3.2. Program Youth Characteristics ` p!(#h 17 XX` ` 3.3. Relationship with External Agencies ` p!(#h 24 XX` ` 3.4. Violations ` p!(#h 25 XX` ` 3.5. Program Size, Length of Stay and Cost ` p!(#h 29 X4. Participant Views of the Program p!(#h 31 XAPPENDIX A: Interviews Conducted for the Evaluation Study p!(#h 35 XAPPENDIX B: Program Level System p!(#h 37 XAPPENDIX C: Cooperative InterAgency Agreement p!(#h 42 XAPPENDIX D: Individual Interviews, Program Participants p!(#h 45 XAPPENDIX E: Focus Group Interviews, Program Participants p!(#h 50 F!-J)J)  W #  P['C>P#5 LIST OF TABLES ă #_ P['C P# X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:P#p5 LIST OF FIGURES ă #_ P['C P# X X   R  ! Figure 1:D IDPY Management Structure(# p!(#h 12  R Figure 2:D Number of Program Participants and Total Monthly Violations, IDP Program, September 1990 to May 1992(# p!(#h 16  R Figure 3:D Average Monthly Violations per Program Participant, IDP Program, September 1990 to May 1992(# p!(#h 27  R Figure 4:D Changes in Types of IDPY NonSchedule Violations, 199091 compared to 199192(# p!(#h 28  R Figure 5:D Youth IDP Participant Interview Results: Agreement with Statements About Program(# p!(#h 32 X X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:P#ц,4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ă #_ P['C P# The Clackamas County Intensive Drug Program for Youth (IDPY) combines mental health treatment, life skills training, and electronically monitored home confinement to help high risk adolescents to live drugfree and crimefree lives. A multiagency program committee of representatives from the Community Corrections, Juvenile, and Mental Health Divisions administers these services. During its first year of operation, low referral rates kept participation in the IDPY program below the expected number. Modifications of the placement process and eligibility criteria subsequently fixed this problem; however, broadening eligibility also resulted in more clients with emotional problems requiring additional counseling services. Decisions of the program committee not only fixed the referral problem, but also successfully handled problems concerning increased counseling needs, transportation services, and foster care. The high level of drug abuse and delinquency among eligible clients results in many program violations, which the program committee responded to by developing a system of internal sanctions. However, the IDPY program has limited ability to impose sanctions due to the independence of the juvenile probation officers and to the lack of provision for placing violators in juvenile institutions. Program participants nonetheless view the program as punitive, as well as highly organized and demanding. Moreover, many participants feel the program helps them in dealing with their problems and behavior. The calculated program costs are around $20 per participant per day, about the same as costs for the Clackamas County Adult Intensive Drug Program. $-J)J)  W  1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1.#  P['C>P#ц 1. Description of Evaluation Methods #_ P['C P# In preparing this evaluation report, the evaluators used a variety of methods for obtaining data on the Intensive Drug Program. These methods involved review of program documents, review of client files, examination of quantitative program records, interviews with program participants, and interviews with program staff. This report presents results from statistical analysis of the quantitative data, such as monthly data on the number of participants and the number of program violations. Other statistical results provide information about program participants, including information on drug use, school behavior, arrest records, criminal behavior, and mental health problems. Finally, the report presents statistics on the percentage of participants who agreed or not with a variety of statements about the program. The most important data for this evaluation, however, were not the quantitative data and the resulting statistics, but rather what might be called the "qualitative" data obtained in interviews. The evaluators conducted a large  R number of interviews for this evaluation,{X X" ԍAppendix A lists the interviews that the evaluators conducted in doing this evaluation.{ including individual interviews and group interviews with both program staff and program participants. The wide range of information and opinions from these interviews provide the main basis for this evaluation report. ny-J)J)  W  #  P['C>P#2. Program Design and Implementation #_ P['C P# 2.1. Program Description The Clackamas County Intensive Drug Program for Youth (IDPY) is predicated on the assumptions "that all people are responsible for their behavior...that all people can learn to live appropriately within the community...and that behavioral changes can be accomplished through consistent limit setting, clear and immediate consequences, support, and skill  R acquisition." X X^ ԍAll quotations from program documents or references to program documents that appear in this report refer to one of two Clackamas County Community Corrections documents: 1)an untitled internal program document that describes the operation of the program, or 2)a 5/16/91 grant application titled "Intensive Drug Program" to the Oregon Criminal Justice Coordinator's Office. The program combines mental health treatment, life skills training, and electronically monitored home confinement in an effort to enable high risk adolescents to live independent, drugfree, and legally responsible lives. A multidisciplinary, multiagency team consisting of representatives from the Community Corrections, Juvenile, and Mental Health Divisions administers these services. These three agencies' efforts present the county with a unique alternative for treating high risk youth in the community. The IDPY represents both the last communitybased option for youths prior to commitment to a juvenile institution, and the first step back into the community for youths coming from a juvenile institution. The IDPY aims at reducing the number of youths committed to the McLaren juvenile detention facility without jeopardizing public safety. Because of the youths' delinquency status, program participants share characteristics which form the basis for the program design. The IDPY youths are generally characterized by lacking the skills to structure their daily lives, to be responsible, and to lead drugfree and alcoholfree lifestyles. In other words, they are youths who lack "sufficient life skills to successfully meet life's challenges." These skill deficits are the focus of the three primary program components: 1)electronic monitoring, 2)counseling, and 3)substance use screening. Each of these program components will be discussed below, but in the context of what is known as the level structure of the program. P-J)J)Ԍ2.2. Program Level Structure At the outset, the treatment program was described in these words: "Youth will move through a level system based on their behavior, attitude, rule compliance and task completion. Each level will have a defined expectation of: 1)the intensity of electronic surveillance, 2)additional treatment responsibilities, i.e. selfhelp groups, 3)additional privileges to be attained." The initial time estimate allowed 12 weeks for the completion of levels 1 through 3, followed by 6 months for aftercare. The IDPY committee intentionally defined the program structure in rather general terms. According to the mental health supervisor, the program was designed to be fluid: "The intent was to tinker with it until it works." And changes did occur. Level definitions have become considerably more specific and time estimates have been revised upwards. The level structure, as it exists nearly two years after the program began, is described in a detailed document listing precise program expectations, privileges and benchmarks for each level (see Appendix B). The original 12 week allotment for levels 1 through 3 was changed to a 6 to 9 month allotment followed by 6 months of aftercare.  ` ` 2.2.1. Level 1 The primary level 1 goal is to help youths gain increased control over important elements in their lives, notably relationships with family, peers and school. To achieve this goal, the IDPY employs group counseling, substance use testing, electronic surveillance, school attendance monitoring and a variety of individualized treatment services. Moving from level 1 to level 2 on average takes 5 weeks. In some cases, however, it has taken as long as 2.5 months. The decision to move a youth from level 1 to level 2 is made by the IDPY mental health counselor. To be considered for promotion to level 2, the youth must have discontinued negative behaviors such as cutting classes or terrorizing teachers, comply with program curfew parameters, keep family problems below crisis levels, show increased participation in program groups and abstain from substance use.  XX` ` X #2.2.1.1. Counseling(# Level 1 youths participate in three group sessions per week. One meeting is a process group. The program mental health counselor conducts this group as a 90 minute openended therapy session. Another 90 minute group, the skills/education group, includes AIDS education and anger management training. The third of the weekly groups, the structure group, is conducted by the community corrections representative. Its primary function (-J)J) is to establish each youth's monitoring schedule for the week and to check for  R electronic monitoring equipment tampering or malfunction.xx\  ` `  #2.2.1.2. Drug Testing Each of the three group sessions is preceded by the collection of mandatory urine samples from each youth. A random selection of these samples is sent to a laboratory for analysis. Lab analyses may also be ordered when abstinence violations are suspected.  ` `  #2.2.1.3. Electronic Monitoring The weekly schedule represents a contract between the community corrections counselor and the youth. Its terms are programmed into the computer as monitoring parameters. Program violations are recorded when the youth fails to remain within these parameters. In a 24 hour period, with school and authorized activity times exempt, a level 1 youth can expect to receive between 5 and 6 computer generated calls. The original program design provided that high risk youth be placed on continuous signal monitoring equipment (active system) and lower risk youth be placed on the programmed contact system (passive system). This approach was modified. Currently all entering youths are placed on the passive system. The active system is used as a more restrictive/punitive alternative only for those who are noncompliant.  ` `  #2.2.1.4. Individualized Treatment The IDPY also provides specialized treatment as needed. Whether or not such a need exists is determined either during the initial assessment interview or in the course of regularly scheduled group therapy sessions. These services include psychological assessment and individual psychotherapy, family therapy, psychiatric assessment/medication evaluation and treatment, and sexual abuse or offender treatment.  ` `  #2.2.1.5. Education Each youth is required to attend an educational program outside the IDPY. This requirement can be met by attending public school, an alternative school, or a specialized education program. The original program design assumed that schools collected, and could therefore easily produce, attendance records for IDPY participants. This was the case in some schools but not in others. Obtaining reliable attendance records ultimately required that the IDPY assign staff time to this task. ( -J)J)Ԍٙ` ` 2.2.2. Level 2 Level 2 provides the full range of level 1 treatment and services. What changes is the degree of supervision. With less direct supervision, more of the responsibility for compliance with program rules shifts to the youths: "a client starts to assume the responsibility of being assertive within a safe structure and to learn to make mistakes while developing the skill to learn from those mistakes...the client is expected to demonstrate the skills learned in level 1 at school and in the community." Because level 2 represents the critical and most stressful part of the program for most youths, a weekly individual therapy session and a weekly family meeting are added to the treatment component. The average length of time at level 2 is 3 months.  ` ` 2.2.3. Level 3 This level represents a further loosening of the program structure. For the first time, the youth is permitted entirely unsupervised time in the community. However, the activity must be built into the youth's weekly schedule. More important yet is the level 3 "rite of passage." This requires that the youth prepare a "Relapse and Recovery Plan." This plan "includes a comprehensive and honest drug history, a discussion of his illegal acts and positive alternatives in each situation, and a detailed workable recovery and relapse prevention plan." In an appearance before the program committee the youths must be prepared to defend their plans. In making the decision to accept a plan, the committee focuses on the youth's "ability to accept responsibility for past behavior, his awareness of his own strengths and weaknesses, how he will continue his recovery, and his plans for the immediate future." The committee can decide to accept the plan fully, accept it with conditions, or reject it. Upon full acceptance of the plan the youth moves to level4, or "check in" status. The preparation of the "Relapse and Recovery Plan" usually takes one month, and the average total stay on level 3 is 3 months.  ` ` 2.2.4. Level 4 Level 4 means the discontinuation of electronically monitored house arrest, decreasing frequency of random drug screening, and a gradual phasing out of group therapy. This gradual reduction in program structure proceeds as long as the youth adheres to the conditions of the "Relapse and Recovery Plan." "If the client reengages in illegal activities, he jeopardizes his status and may drop back to level 2 or level 3 status." Level 4 may last up to 6 months, after which the youth is discharged into the community. To qualify for discharge the ( -J)J) youth "must demonstrate a positive and ongoing use of community selfhelp groups and have made goals at least two years in the future." Upon discharge from the program, family and/or individual counseling continue to be available to the youth.  X2.3. Program Administration(# The uniqueness of the IDPY rests on its multiagency, multidisciplinary approach. Three organizations agreed to combine their resources to address the problem of high risk youth in the community. Furthermore, these three agencies have traditionally embraced widely divergent views about the causes and treatment of delinquency. After nearly two years of existence, the IDPY program staff and supervisors have been uniformly positive in their assessment of this collaboration.  XX` ` 2.3.1. IDPY Management Structure(#` Figure 1 shows the management structure of the IDPY. The original design called for a two tier program decisionmaking structure in which program rule and policy matters were to be handled by the two supervisors and the juvenile court counselor, each having one vote. In the course of implementing the IDPY, the two agency supervisors delegated nearly all program decisionmaking to the program staff. Supervisory personnel handle program fiscal matters and those issues that the IDPY program committee is unable to resolve. The juvenile court delegate voiced some concern about the unequal status of program committee members. Theoretically, program rule or policy decisions require supervisory input from the Mental Health and Community Corrections Divisions. Since the Juvenile Division's representative combines line and management staff in one person, he is not subject to a two tier decision process. Functionally this inequity appears to be of little consequence, since supervisory input has rarely been needed.  ` ` 2.3.2. Agency Contributions A written agreement specifies what services each agency provides to the IDPY. A copy of this agreement is provided in AppendixC. According to this document the Community Corrections Division has the overall administrative responsibility for program service delivery, the budget, and program accountability. In addition to part of a supervisory staff position, this agency has designated a halftime corrections position to provide the electronic  ( -J)J)  d 8# H P['CVP#Figure 1 <  v 0 # P['CLP# !IDPY Management Structure!   Figure 1  Figure 1 ! !8"x <dd 8" h ddx!ddxD h  aIaI    nx # P['C RP# Level     " nx 7  Management Structure   @@H  ] # P['C ,7 P#Commissioners "3 Board of County Commissioners" @@H " c c") 3 ) 1"6"B3 B1"O"Z3 Z1$ I I I$  Directorso  o "& Mental & Health % Division "6 ">Community =*Corrections >Division "O "V ' x Juvenile VDivision  I I I  _ _") 3 ) 1"6"B3 B1"O"Z 3   Z  O   I I   Supervisors[ ["& Mental & Health $# Supervisor"6">Community =*Corrections =TSupervisor"O"Z    Z  Z   I I  K K") 3 ) 1w"6w"B3 B1w"Ow"Z    Z  AAI  x IDPY Program Committee "& Mental & Health %m Therapist"6"=* x Corrections >Counselor"O"VJuvenile X[Court WOfficer AAIw $(#(#(#(##!'#$#_ P['C P#0) -J)J) '#,! 0 monitoring services, to conduct one (and co-facilitate another) of the three weekly group sessions, and to provide juvenile court counselors with written documentation of program violations. IDPY corrections line staff also participate in all program committee meetings which serve as the forum for agency delegates to resolve problems, develop or upgrade service delivery, and handle IDPY personnel issues. The Mental Health Division contributes part of a supervisory position as well as a fulltime mental health therapist position to the IDPY. Administrative duties to the program entail the maintenance and notification of the program committee schedule, conducting the initial assessments on all IDPY referrals, and providing juvenile counselors with treatment related information about the program youths on their caseloads. In addition, mental health personnel conduct one, and co-facilitate another, of the three weekly group sessions, collect urine analyses prior to therapy groups, and provide individual and family counseling services as needed. The mental health counselor participates  R as a voting member in all program committee meetings.  Uxx\ The County Juvenile Division has assigned one of its counselors the responsibility of providing the link between the juvenile court and the IDPY. Unlike the other two agencies the Juvenile Division provides virtually no direct services to the youths in the program; instead, it uses the IDPY as a disposition option for youths under its jurisdiction. Nonetheless, the Juvenile Division representative is a committee member of equal standing, attends all of its meetings, and shares equally in the program decisionmaking processes. The liaison function entails informing the court and court counselors about the program, screening court referrals to the IDPY, scheduling mental health assessments, presenting to youths and their parents the IDPY contract, and relaying feedback about program youths to their respective court counselors. The Juvenile Division has the ultimate responsibility and authority over all youths it has placed in the IDPY.  ` ` 2.3.3. Funding, Cost and Fiscal Administration The IDPY is primarily funded with Senate Bill 1065 revenue. This bill requires counties to allocate a portion of monies received from fines levied against convicted offenders to "...corrections and approved drug and alcohol programs and facilities" (Senate Bill 1065). The monies collected by the cities and the district court are paid to the county treasurer. The treasurer deposits all funds received into the county general fund to be used in accordance with Senate Bill 1065 provisions. Community Corrections joined the Juvenile Division and the Mental Health Division to plan and implement an intensive ( -J)J) drug program modeled after the existing Community Corrections Division  R Intensive Drug Program for Adults.:# X ԍFor a description and evaluation of this program see Annette Jolin and Brian Stipak,  Vm Clackamas County Community Corrections Intensive Drug Program: Program Evaluation  XV Report, Community Corrections Division, Clackamas County, Oregon (1991).: The Board of County Commissioners approved the funding of the proposed IDPY. Additional funds for the IDPY come from a small federal antidrug grant and, as of November 1991, from an enhancement grant obtained by the Mental Health Division. The Community Corrections Division handles the IDPY budget. The Mental Health Division submits to the Corrections Division's administrative staff a monthly bill for services provided to the IDPY program. The Corrections Division provides the other agencies with fiscal updates.M-J)J)  W #  P['C>P# 3. Important Design and Implementation Issues #_ P['C P# 3.1. Referral Process and Target Group Concerns The IDPY was intended to provide the county with three new disposition options for delinquent youths with substance abuse problems: XX` ` 1. A diversion placement for youths who otherwise would have to be placed in the state's juvenile institutions (McLaren/Hillcrest)(#` XX` ` 2. A transitional placement for youths who come back to the community from the state's juvenile institutions(#` XX` ` 3. A community placement for juvenile parole violators.(#` The referral sources are the juvenile court judges and the juvenile probation and parole officers. The implementation of this original program design brought to light two main issues. First, juvenile probation officers were considerably more reluctant in their referrals than anticipated. Second, juvenile probation officers' interpretation of IDPY target group criteria, particularly in institutional diversion cases, was much broader than the IDPY design had foreseen. Low referral rates kept the IDPY below its anticipated size during most of its existence. Figure2 depicts the number of youths participating in the IDPY between September 1990 and May 1992 (Figure2 also shows the number of monthly violations, which will be discussed later). For more than a year the IDPY handled less than half the expected number of youths. To remedy this situation, the IDPY program committee abandoned its original, rather formal and cumbersome, placement process. The replacement includes a provision in the court order that permits juvenile probation officers to place youths in the program with relatively short notice. All detailed contractual arrangements with the youth and the youth's parents now follow rather than precede the actual placement. Three other factors have served to increase referrals: improved communication between IDPY treatment staff and juvenile court counselors, passage of time, and more broadly defined program acceptance criteria. But loosening the acceptance criteria had unintended ramifications as well. It brought youths with a greater variety of treatment needs into the program. Perhaps most noticeable among these needs are identifiable emotional problems (see Table6) and school related acting out behaviors (see Figure4). To accommodate the greater variety of program youth needs, the IDPY expanded treatment services to include more individual and family counseling as well as increased monitoring of school behavior. (-J)J)  d 8# H P['CVP#Figure 2 <  v +# P['CLP# !Number of Program Participants and )Total Monthly Violations, IDP Program,  v /Z September 1990 to May 1992!   Figure 1 ! Figure 1 !yA2Vx $ddFIGURE2.EPS8"y$(#(#3(#(#pA'#$#_ P['C P#0-J)J) '##A0 3.2. Program Youth Characteristics The typical IDPY youth is a 16 year old male with emotional problems who has used alcohol and marijuana steadily for two years. His academic performance places him two years below the expected grade level. His behavior at school is problematic. He has been arrested several times, is frequently engaged in physical altercations, often carries a gun or knife, and steals from cars and shops. Tables 1 through 6 depict program relevant characteristics for 23 IDPY  R youths.i # XN ԍThe number of youths for the data in each table varies from 16 to 23.i Table1 shows that the majority of substance abuse involves alcohol and marijuana. By the time youths enter the IDPY at an average age of 16, they typically have used illegal substances for about two years. While the majority report less than daily substance use, some indicate using illegal substances as often as 23 times a day. Tables 23 describe IDPY youths' school performance. The average IDPY youth (age 16) has completed only the 9th grade (Table2). Twothirds of the youths are below grade level when they enter the program (Table3). Their average GPA during the term preceding entry was 1.73. The number of absences, tardies, suspensions and expulsions point to considerable variation in school behavior among IDPY youths. School records show numerous incidents of acting out behaviors, but not all IDPY youths act out with the same frequency. Tables 45 provide information on IDPY youths' delinquency status and behavior. Table4 shows that almost all (95%) of the youths were arrested in the 24 months preceding entry into the program. Table5 lists youths' responses to inquiries about their criminal involvement during the six months preceding the interview. Four fifths (81%) of the youths reported "beating someone up" and "carrying a gun or knife" on a regular (monthly or more frequent) basis. Over half (56%) reported beating someone up weekly, and some (13%) even reported beating someone up daily. Over half (56%) said they carried a gun or knife daily. They reported somewhat less involvement in property crimes than in assaults and weapons offenses. Table6 lists IDPY participants' psychiatric diagnoses and reveals the prevalence of emotional problems. While 9 of the 14 DSM III diagnosticV(#%y-J)J)   dw 9# H P['CVP#Table 1 <  vj 1@ # P['CLP#  Drug Use of IDP Program  v .aParticipants at Program Entry  * O ddx! ddx O  aI aI  W X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:P#Drug Use Information  " W Pi Percent  aI  # P['C>P#Alcohol userN "Rc76%    Marijuana user "Rc81%  N  Hallucinogen userR"Rc14%    Overthecounter user"R5%  R Amphetamine userV"R5%   Frequency of use 8 8 "less than once a week]8 8 8 "once a week]8 8 8 "several times a week]8 8 8 "once a day]8 8 8 "23 times a day]8  "SF Rc24% Rc24% Rc29% Rc10% Rc14% ! V Age at first use 8 8 "78]8 8 8 "910]8 8 8 "1112]8 8 8 "1314]8 8 8 "15]8 "SF Rc10% R5% Rc19% Rc43% Rc24%! (   JF #o P['Cn&P#Data Source: File records for 21 clients, client process monitoring system enrollment form.( -J)J)   dD 9#H P['CVP#Table 2 <  v7 .8# P['CLP#  School History of IDP Program  v .aParticipants at Program Entry  * T! ddx AddxQ T (aI A!aaI  Wo `p `p  %,%, # P['C ,7 P# #  P['C>P# oT School History Information  " Wo Am Average  Wy AValue**  " Wo P Lowest  Wy QValue  " Wo _ Highest  Wy ` Value  A!aaI !   # P['C>P#Highest grade completed% "D9% "S65% "a11 !     Absences, number* "D3 "S60 "a26  %  Tardies, number*)"D5)"S60)"a20    Expulsions, number*"D0"S60"b& 3  ) Suspensions, number*-"D1-"S60-"b& 3   Disciplinary actions, number*"D3"S61"a20  !! - Grade point averageA"B{1.73A"S60A"b& 4 !!   J #o P['Cn&P#*Number of occurrences for the last grading period. **Note: The average value is the median average (the middle value or 50th percentile). Data Source: File records for 23 clients, client process monitoring system enrollment form.A-J)J)   dD 9#H P['CVP#Table 3 <  v7 -{# P['CLP#  Years Below Grade Level for IDP  v *Program Participants at Program Entry  & TAddxQ a ddx T  aIA  Wo `p `p  %,%, # P['C>P#Years Below Grade Level  " Wo Pi Percent  aI!  0 (at grade level) 1 year below 2 years below 3 years or more9"Rc33% Rc33% Rc14% Rc19%! P  #o P['Cn&P#P9Data Source: Computed from data on the age and highest grade completed for 21 clients, client process monitoring system enrollment form file records.a-J)J)   dD 9#H P['CVP#Table 4 <  v7 /# P['CLP#  Arrest Records, IDP Program  v 6EParticipants  * Ja ddx  ddx J P aI9  Wo `p `p  %,%, # P['C>P#Arrests * " Wo Pi Percent  aI  Total Number of Arrests 8 8 "0 arrests]8 8 8 "12 arrests]8 8 8 "35 arrests]8 8 8 "6 or more arrests]8 E"SF R5% Rc48% Rc38% Rc10%    MinorinPossession Arrests 8 8 "0 arrests]8 8 8 "12 arrests]8 8 8 "35 arrests]8 8 8 "6 or more arrests]8 "SF Rc52% Rc29% Rc10% Rc10% TE  Jw #o P['Cn&P#Data Source: File records for 21 clients, client process monitoring system enrollment form. *Note: Number of arrests figures are the number of arrests over the past 2 years.TC-J)J)   dD 9#H P['CVP#Table 5 <  v7 -# P['CLP#  Criminal Behavior, IDP Program  v 6EParticipants  * J ddx  ddx J T aI  Wo `p `p  %,%, # P['C>P#Criminal Behavior  " Wo Pi Percent  aI  Beat Someone Up 8 8 "seldom/never]8 8 8 "about monthly]8 8 8 "about weekly]8 8 8 "almost daily]8 3"SF Rc19% Rc13% Rc56% Rc13%    Shoplifting 8 8 "seldom/never]8 8 8 "about monthly]8 8 8 "about weekly]8 8 8 "almost daily]8 "SF Rc31% Rc19% Rc25% Rc25%  3 Broken Into Cars 8 8 "seldom/never]8 8 8 "about monthly]8 8 8 "about weekly]8 8 8 "almost daily]8 "SF Rc25% Rc19% Rc44% Rc13%   Stolen Something at School 8 8 "seldom/never]8 8 8 "about monthly]8 8 8 "about weekly]8 8 8 "almost daily]8 1 "SF Rc50% Rc25% Rc19% R6%   Carried Gun or Knife 8 8 "seldom/never]8 8 8 "about monthly]8 8 8 "about weekly]8 8 8 "almost daily]8 %"SF Rc19% R6% Rc19% Rc56% 81   Jc& #o P['Cn&P#Data Source: Interviews conducted with 16 program participants.8%#_ P['C P#(-J)J)   dw 9# H P['CVP#Table 6 <  vj / # P['CLP#  Mental Health Diagnoses of  v 0 IDP Program Participants  * J ddx ddx J 8 A!I%  W `p `p  %,%, # P['C>P# Clinical Diagnosis* " W YxPercent  A!I ! Conduct Disorders (312.00, 312.20, 312.90)N "[r62% !   Cannabis Abuse (305.20) "[r43%  N  Alcohol Abuse (305.00)R"[r33%    PCP or Similar Abuse (305.90)"[r14%  R Borderline Personality Disorder (301.83)V"[r10%   Cocaine Abuse (305.60)"[r10%  V Hallucinogen Abuse (305.30)Z"[r10%   Major Depression, Psychotic Features (296.24)"[5%  Z Alcohol Dependence (303.90)^"[5%   Cannabis Dependence (304.30)"[5%  ^ Psychoactive Substance Dependence (304.91)b"[5%   Polysubstance Dependence (304.90)"[5%  b Adjustment Disorder (309.40)f"[5%   Hyperactivity Disorder (314.01)"[5% `f  Jp #o P['Cn&P#Data Source: File records for 21 clients. Note: The percents add to more than 100% because each client could have up to four different diagnoses. *Note: DSM III diagnostic category numbers are in parentheses. The clinical diagnostic category titles listed above are sometimes simplified or shortened versions of the full clinical terminology.`#_ P['C P#`p X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:P# 4. Participant Views of the Program #_ P['C P# As described in Section 1, information on the views of participants in the program was obtained from both individual interviews and from group (focus group) interviews. Appendices D and E present the comments made in  R response to openended X| ԍ"Openended" questions allow the interviewee to respond by saying anything the interviewee wants to say, whereas "closedended" questions provide the interviewee a choice among several possible response categories. questions in the individual and group interviews, respectively. This section will discuss those comments and will present information from closedended questions asked in the individual interviews. To highlight the findings, major points appear below indented and in italics. Figure 5 shows the percent of the youths who agreed with each of a number of different statements about the program. The statements are ordered from lowest (0%) to highest (100%) agreement, making it easy to identify statements (those at either extreme) having a high degree of consensus of opinion among the participants. At the highest levels of consensus, Figure5 shows that no youths agreed that the program staff rarely punish participants, and that all youths agreed that participants who break the rules receive punishment. Clearly, strong agreement exists that the program is punitive. However, only partial agreement exists about the terms involving punishment. On the one hand, a large majority (88%) agree that fighting will result in getting in trouble. On the other hand, about onethird to onehalf feel that the  R consequences for breaking a rule are not clear (36%)K X ԍSome of the percentages cited in the text are not the Figure1 percentages, but rather 100 minus the Figure1 percentages, depending on whether the text refers to the percentage who agreed or the percentage who did not agree with the statement. or that rules are frequently changing (56%).  R XX` ` Finding: Participants view the program as punitive,  Rz but find the rules sometimes unclear.x` Substantial consensus also appears to exist concerning the organization of the program. Most youths agree (Figure5) that participants must follow set schedules (81%), that participants' activities are carefully planned (77%), and that the program is well organized (79%). The youths also generally view the program's structure as imposing substantial requirements on them. Mostk(#P-J)J) # H P['CVP# 8Figure 5ă  Figure 1  Figure 1   n@ # P['C RP# (!Youth IDP Participant Interview Results:  n )Agreement with Statements About Program! <   <y x: $ddFIGUREA.EPS x<y <  F( *#e P['C |P#Note: Above results are based on interviews conducted with 16 program participants. The percentages given above are the percentage of the respondents who said the statement was mostly true as opposed to mostly false. Those who indicated they could not say for a statement were excluded from  F! the calculations. The number of valid responses per statement varies between 1116.# _ P['C P#! -J)J) agree that they are expected to take a leadership role (73%), that they are expected to plan for the future (73%), and that participants put a lot of energy into program activities (93%).  R XX` ` Finding: Most participants feel they are in a highly organized program that places substantial demands on  R them.x` A number of the remaining items in Figure 5 concern participants' reactions to the program staff. The vast majority (87%) indicate that the staff provide detailed explanations of the program, that the staff compliment participants who do something well (87%), that the staff provide explanations when they tell participants to do something (81%), and that there is an emphasis on teaching participants solutions to practical problems (81%). A majority also agree that staff take time to offer encouragement (62%), and that staff care about participants following program release (64%).  R XX` ` Finding: Most participants view program staff as  R supportive in helping them through the program.x` What do program participants say are the most positive aspects of the program? In openended individual and group interviews (See AppendicesD and E), the participants made a lot of comments about how the program had helped them in dealing with problems and with their behavior. Examples of these comments include the following: X"First time on it I hated it, but now it helps me control my anger and deal with my problems."(# X"It has been helpful for me in school. This is the first year in three years that I have gone through a year of school without getting booted."(# X"It keeps you out of jail."(# X"If it wasn't for this program, I would have been in Hillcrest a long time ago."(# X"It keeps you from getting in trouble. If something is going wrong you talk about it, and it helps you out. If it wasn't for this group [support group] I would be sitting in McClaren."(# Other participants referred to how the program helped calm them down, keep out of criminal activity, keep off the streets, and keep sober. A number of participants specifically referred to the groups and the support they provided.'!-J)J)Ԍ R ԙXX` ` Finding: Program participants make many positive remarks in interviews about how the program has helped them in dealing with their problems and  R behavior.x` What do program participants say are the most negative aspects of the program? In openended individual and group interviews (See AppendicesD and E), the participants voiced a variety of complaints, focusing mainly on the telephone calls, bulkiness and malfunctioning of the electronic equipment, and dislike for doing the urine analyses. When asked in individual interviews how they would like the program to help them, participants gave a range of answers. A number simply stated they wanted help in staying out of trouble. Others referred to help with drug problems, controlling their temper, and help with family problems. A striking finding from these openended interviews was how some participants who talked very critically about the program would also turn around and say how the program helped them. Just because a participant criticizes the program, perhaps vehemently, does not mean that the youth does not feel that the program provides needed help. To illustrate, one of the participants gave the following response in a focus group session when asked  V|  what he did not like  about the program: X"Everything. I think the whole program is f___ed, but it has done some good for me. I get along better with authority."(#"-J)J)  W #  P['C>P# APPENDIX A: Interviews Conducted for the Evaluation Study #_ P['C P# X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:P# APPENDIX B: Program Level System #_ P['C P#  S  9LEVEL 1 ă X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:" N.llParticipate in a minimum of 6 hours of treatment per week.(#l PRIVILEGES:  R&& A.llCan go on parentally supervised outings.(#l  '%-J)J)Ԍ R B.llCan participate in school activities and sports if no conflict with treatment and maintaining acceptable academic performance.(#l BENCHMARKS:  R A.llRegular school attendance.(#l  R B.llDemonstrating compliant behavior at school listening to teachers, completes and turns in homework.(#l  R C.llOn time to appointments.(#l  R D.llPrepared to give urine sample at least 3 times per week.(#l  R E.llAppropriate behavior in group and in public waiting areas.(#l  R F.llMeaningful goals developed.(#l  R G.llBegin to verbalize awareness of current coping skills not providing a successful lifestyle.(#l  R H.llLearn about drug of choice and able to report to group.(#l  Rv I. llNo alcohol and drug use.(#l  Rj J.llDemonstrates law abiding behavior.(#l  SX  9LEVEL 2 ă  PROGRAM EXPECTATIONS/GOALS:  R@ A.llRegular attendance at school and meeting goals of education contract.(#l  R4! B.llConsistent ontime attendance in all parts of treatment program.(#l  R(# C.llContinue all Level 1 expectations.(#l  R% D.llBegin/Continue selfdisclosure in group.(#l  R' E.llDemonstrate how other group member's behavior effects you through giving constructive feedback.(#l (&-J)J)Ԍ R ԙF.llAsks for help when facing situations which have had negative outcomes in the past.(#l  R G.llContinue active participation in group therapy.(#l  R H.llStart to explore the community resources for positive, clean and sober support.(#l  R I.llBegin to work on developing positive reputation in community and school.(#l  R J.llParticipates in a minimum of 6 hours in treatment per week.(#l  R K.llBegin development of relapse prevention/recovery plan.(#l  R L.llContinue to complete courtordered restitution and/or community service hours as approved by treatment team.(#l PRIVILEGES:  R A.llLevel 1 privileges.(#l  R B.llSpecific activities approved through ESP Team.(#l  Rv C.llCan negotiate to obtain employment.(#l  Rj D.llCan negotiate from 2 to 8 hours of documentable free time without parental supervision.(#l  RX E.llCan negotiate to participate in sports or other agreed upon activities.(#l BENCHMARKS:  R@ A.llBegins to demonstrate ability in the following areas:(#l  R: ll1.((Anger management(#(  R4! ll2.((Assertive behaviors  R." ll3.((Giving/receiving feedback  R(# ll4.((Positive listening  R"$ ll6.((Healthy thinking patterns  R% ll7.((Ability to work on issues in safe setting  R& ll8.((Talk vs. act  R' ll9.((Imagery/relaxation skills  R ( ll10.((Empathy ('-J)J)Ԍ R ll11.((Being direct/honest/genuine in treatment  R ll12.((Affirmation/positive self talk  R ll13.((Continues to selfdisclose  R ll14.((Building a positive support system  R ll15.((Maintaining all Level 1 benchmarks  R ll16.((Developing selfpacing behaviors  R ll17.((Begin to internalize behavioral controls  R ll18.((Able to define strengths and weakness  S  9LEVEL 3 ă PROGRAM EXPECTATIONS/GOALS:  R A.llContinue expectations of Levels 1 and 2.(#l  R B.llComplete court ordered restitution and/or community service hours.(#l  R C.llDeveloping positive relationships and reputation in school and community.(#l  R D.llBegin development of vocational plan.(#l  R| E.llContinue building positive community support system.(#l  Rp F.llImplement/revise relapse prevention/recovery plan.(#l PRIVILEGES:  RX A.llPrivileges of Levels 1 and 2.(#l  RL B.llCan expand free time to 16 hours per week.(#l BENCHMARKS:  R4! A.llContinue benchmarks of Levels 1 and 2.(#l  R(# B.llCan resist negative peer pressure in group.(#l  R% C.llDemonstrates increasing ego strength.(#l  R' D.llIncreasing empathy and prosocial skills.(#l  ((-J)J)Ԍ R E.llDemonstrates taking initiative.(#l  R F.llActively building on positive strengths.(#l  R G.llAble to request removal of monitoring equipment by presenting to the ESP Team a formal relapse prevention/recovery. Removal from electronic monitoring will be based on the team accepting the plan.Xl(u X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:P# APPENDIX C: Cooperative InterAgency Agreement #_ P['C P#  X ԍThis appendix presents only those parts of sections 1 and 2 that pertain to the Juvenile program. This agreement is made between Clackamas County Community Corrections (hereafter referred to as "Corrections"), Clackamas County Mental Health Center (hereafter referred to as "Mental Health"), and Clackamas County Juvenile Court (hereafter referred to as "Juvenile"). The parties agree as follows: 1. Objectives XCorrections, Mental Health, and Juvenile are working together to provide intensive substance abuse treatment to targeted Juvenile Corrections clients. The parties agree that it is appropriate to develop guidelines for their working relationship and for services to be provided.(# 2. Services to be provided A. Corrections will: X` hp x (#%'0*,.8135@8:P# APPENDIX D: Individual Interviews, Program Participants   W  Responses to OpenEnded Questions about IDP Program #_ P['C P#  R" The following are the answers recorded to questions asked during in-person individual interviews of 16 IDP participants. The interviews were conducted during March, 1992, by a student research assistant under the supervision of Annette Jolin and Brian Stipak. The interviews used a lengthy questionnaire that included both closedended and openended questions on a number of topics. The following pages give only the responses to four openended questions asking participants about their reactions to the IDP program. Interpretation of transcript: Each of the four openended questions appears in bold italic type, followed by the notes (normal type) recorded by the interviewer about the interviewee's response.  V X How would you like this program to help you? (# Would like it to help with family problem; like dynamics between him and his father. To become more selfaware. this would help him to stop losing control which gets him into trouble. Help with her personal problems and her drug problem. Help staying out of trouble. Would like it to get him on his own and to live a life without crime. To support him in his efforts to deal with drug and family problems. To help him to better organize his time so he isn't hanging out so much, which will help him pursue his education. Wants the program to help with his attitude. Feels he has a bad attitude towards everybody. Wants program to help him stay out of trouble. To get straightened out, not have an attitude with authority figures. P'- -J)J)ԌWould like the program to help him get on with his life. Specifically, to help him address the expectations and requirements from legal/juvenile authorities. He wants help on the outside to stay away from old friends and activities. Would like it to help her get her felony charges dropped. To control his temper. Give him some tools to do that. Keep him clean, learn how to sort through problems, learn from mistakes, make better friends, learn how to think twice before reacting. Would like it to keep him out of trouble with school, the community. To help him not steal. Keeping him at home and going to group. To get out of it. To not go to trial. To help him stay out of trouble, like burglary. To help him not want to do things like burglarize any more.  V X So far what do like about this place?(#  Rv  The group meetings Kept him clean and sober, given him some problem solving skills. The other kids, she can trust them. She likes Bill Birch; she can trust him too. Nothing. Being able to work his way out of the program, i.e. level I, II, III. The relaxed atmosphere in that he can joke around with them. Likes the way he's included in the groups. Keeps him from drinking. Keeps him out of trouble. Helps him stay out of trouble off of the streets. Keeps him from drinking. It has calmed him down more. Now he is not so involved in criminal activity. He is not compelled to be involved in criminal activities.  (. -J)J)ԌNothing. The sense of groupness. The people in general. A feeling of belonging. The help that they are offering group and oneonone counseling. Sort of appreciate the monitoring. Nothing. Nothing. The group support from the other guys. Actually being around other juveniles and not getting into trouble and meeting other people. Can talk with the other kids. Not much. Is starting to like group more. At first he was told three months on the program, which seemed easy. Helped get off drugs, helped achieve some goals. The other kids, meeting them. That he doesn't have to be at home all of the time. The fact that it is an alternative to juvenile hall.  V| X So far what do you not like about this place? (# Too structured; doesn't like restricting his freedom. Some of the restrictions just compel him to find ways around, like taking drugs he normally wouldn't take, because it won't show up in his urine. That he is locked up and can't go out with his friends. They have too much power (counselors). Tom Bowers. The UA's. The constant phone calls. The lack of freedom. The groups are boring. The early morning calls. The length of time between getting on different levels. He thinks that there are too many people in the groups. Electronic monitoring. The stigma of the bracelet; if on ankle not wanting to wear shorts. (/ -J)J)ԌTom, the counselor. Restrictions on where he can go. The UA's. Phone calls at two a.m. Phone calls when he has company. Not being able to be with his friends and party with them. Giving UA's. Going to counseling. The bracelet and constant monitoring he doesn't like. Hate being at home. Hates taking UA's. The rules. The limits on his freedom. The fact that he has no time to do what he pleases. Constant surveillance. Having to be accountable for his time. Doesn't like being watched all of the time. Doesn't like having his time so structured and having to be accountable to someone about his time. The length of the program kept changing from three to fifteen to nine months. Because he wasn't causing problems they were ignoring him. He was the first on the program and they weren't sure when too let him off, and they took an extra month to figure it out. Having to give UA's, the lack of free time, the amount of time and energy it takes to participate in the program, and the length of time it takes to get through the program.  V^ X What would you most like to do in this program? (# Would like to get through it so he can get on with life. Go through it successfully. Move up the levels and eventually get out. Be able to see his friends more often. Get out of it. Teach himself responsibility. Learn to have fun without drinking. Get out of the program.  (0 -J)J)ԌChange his attitude and temper. Get off of it. Out of it. Get out of it. Succeed. Getting personal tools to stay away from friends on the outside (old friends, old habits). Get to level II, more freedom. Get out of it. Again learn to control his anger. Get more time to himself. Go to less meetings. Get out of it and learn how to stay out of trouble in the process. Get out. To get through it and out of it.1 -J)J)  W #  P['C>P# APPENDIX E: #_ P['C P#Focus Group Interviews, Program Participants  R The following transcript is a partial, almost verbatim transcript of comments made by IDP participants in two focus groups conducted on 6/4/92. The first focus group consisted of seven participants, and the second consisted of six participants. The focus groups were conducted by Annette Jolin and Brian Stipak, with Jolin primarily responsible for leading the interviews, and Stipak responsible for recording participant comments using a laptop computer. Interpretation of transcript: Participants are numbered, and the participant numbers precede the comments. For very short comments and for some very sensitive comments participant numbers are not recorded. Explanatory notes by the interviewers appear in square brackets. The questions or topics brought up by the interviewers appear in bold italic type, in contrast to the recorded comments of the participants.   S $9 Group 1 ă  V  What do you feel is positive about the program?  1 First time on it I hated it, but now it helps me control my anger and deal with my problems. Now I can trust Tom rather than fighting authority. 3 There ain't nothing positive. About the only thing positive about this program is that maybe you can get a job, and maybe there is some free time. 4 It gets you out of the house when you have to go to a meeting. Once you're here it sucks. 5 I don't have anything positive to say about this program. 1 There has been some positive crap for you, you're just pissed off right now. 6 It can help you. It got me on level 2. Everyone is cool around here. And I graduated. 7 It keeps you out of jail. The people in the group can be supportive. Tom can once in a while. !'2 -J)J)Ԍ2 It has been helpful for me in school. This is the first year in 3 years that I have gone through a year of school without getting booted.  V  What don't you like about the program?  5 If anyone is using a CB near your house, it calls and says you are out of range. You can't ride in a thumping car because it messes it up. You get accused of things. Sunday I got blamed for two things. They said I was at Pietro Pizzas at 4 in the morning, when I was at home. You can't have any fun. You can't go out with your friends without lying about it. No freedom. 6 If you do good here, you will get more free time. 4 No freedom. You have to piss in a cup. You have to come to meetings. You can't come and go when you want to. You have the possibility of going to McClaren if you mess up. 3 Groups. I don't like going to the groups. They're boring. 1 The groups are annoying. Having to come here. I'd rather be working on a carburetor. Some come here to use it and some don't. Those that don't goof off too much. If people use it, it is kind of good. The ESP calling in the middle of the night. The cops coming out. I would rather be sitting in jail with less time, but then again I would rather be doing this. 2 Everything. I think the whole program is fucked, but it has done some good for me. I get along better with authority. 7 The equipment. It never fails that they call me at 3 o'clock in the morning. When they call you they act like you are a retard. That's the point that makes me most mad. Another thing is that if you come home early you get a violation for it. 3 Like last night I got off early, and...called, and I told him I got off work early, and he said "What are you tryin to do, get smart?" 1 The other day I had to call and talk to one guy, and then another guy, and finally I talked to Bill. [A number of them commented on the difficulty of calling up and not being able to talk to the right person.] (3 -J)J)Ԍ6 Things that really gets me, and I stick it in my machine, and they call back and say "Why didn't you stick it in the machine?"  V  How do you feel about the level system?  3 I love it because I have a hearing coming up to get out of here. I don't have to fill out no papers or nothing. The program I'm mainly doing is the foster home program. 6 I like it because I'm on level 2. It took me all this time to get on it. 4 Sometimes it takes too long to get on a level, but once you get on it its good. But on the other hand if you mess up just a little bit you loose your level. It's hard work. You have to kiss ass; they make it clear to you. 5 I lost my level. I think it sucks. I didn't heart anyone but myself by doing those drugs. 4 I don't like earning my freedom. I just want my freedom to be there. I like sitting at home and doing anything I want. 2 It takes too long to move [to a new level]. [They discussed goals set for levels, and focused a lot on goals for grades at school.] 1 It ain't really kissing ass, its more doing what you are capable of doing.  VL  How do you feel about the staff?  Annoying Annoying but they're helpful Its like a monkey on your back, but on the other hand they're helpful. It's not so bad. This program ain't so bad if you just do what you have to do. Pretty cool. They don't bother me.  (4 -J)J)Ԍ V ԙ How do you feel about the groups?  Boring Too long. I think they should be an hour. [They commented on how they have to talk about their problems in the group.]  V  How do you feel about electronic monitoring?  They're so big. Why can't they be small. Because they are so big, people ask about it. [They don't like the calls in the middle of the night, and the malfunctioning.]  V  What changes would you suggest making in the program?  Would like to reduce the groups to 1 hour. Would like to do the UA on Thursday instead of Sunday. Groups are too long. UA's should be twice a week, and not have to come in on Sunday. I think you should be able to pee in private. It would be better if they just had someone come to your house and talk to you, and that would be it. I don't think they should give UA's. Someone that has been through it and can relate to it, and also more our age [These are comments about the preferred traits of the counsellor]. '5 -J)J)Ԍ S $9 Group 2 ă  V  What do you like about the program?   R  1 Group meeting. I can get things off my chest, and I don't have to hold everything in. 3 If it wasn't for this program, I would have been in Hillcrest a long time ago. 5 I like the groups because they give you a lot of support. 2 It keeps you from getting in trouble. If something is going wrong you talk about it, and it helps you out. If it wasn't for this group I would be sitting in McClaren.  V  What don't you like about the program?  6 It pisses me off when you're really close to a level change, and they jerk you around. I was close to level 2, and they said I wasn't even close to level2 I think that once you're established in a group they shouldn't switch you. I like this group, but I probably won't like the other group because all of them are boneheads. 2 I don't like the idea of the UA's 3 I think the UA's for girls are degrading. They are a total invasion of privacy.  VM  How do you feel about electronic monitoring?  It's not right. They call me all the day when I am at home, sometimes 6 times in an hour. [They made a number of complaints about calls late at night that interfere with their sleep, and calls when they are in the shower.] I think its stupid that we have to wear these things if they are going to call anyway. Its kinda like they're branding us. I think its so embarrassing. (6 -J)J)Ԍ  V  How do you feel about the level system?  I like them. They're really, really hard. No, they're not hard. You just have to set your mind to it. They're really show. I switched to a different counsellor. Tom had said I was close to level 2, and the new one said I was not even close to level 2. I like them. I went to level 2 in not even a month. They told me it would take 4 months, but it didn't take me even a month.  V  How do you feel about the staff?  We're going to miss Bill. I like them. They're funny. Like if you're hiding something he'll put words in your mouth. I'm on level 3, and I'm supposed to do anything I want, but if Bill is not there they will say it's not on my schedule. They follow you around. [ He recounts story of being followed by program staff in a car.] It was kind of scary.  V:  How do you feel about the groups?  We're like one big, happy family. They're helpful. It teaches you how to talk about problems before it becomes a big personal tragedy.  (7 -J)J)ԌThey get very boring. I think people really fuck off a lot. It's one thing to get off the subject and talk about other things, but I think that people just fuck off too much in group. People just mess around, because they don't want to deal with it. The other groups are like a bunch of neanderthals. They're a bunch of dorks. It seems like everyone in that group just screws up a lot.  V  What changes would you suggest making in the program?  You don't call someone at 1 in the morning. It's rude and impolite. I don't think they should call so much. I think they should give you some free time on level 1. Like an hour a day. An hour a week. After a while you kinda get tired of everyone in your house. I think it causes problems. You're not mad; you're kind of frustrated.  V@  Any Other Comments  When I start my new group, I have to go 1 time more a week than I go here.  V"$  How do your parents feel about the program?  They rather see me here than in jail. My parents are happy, because otherwise I would be in Hillcrest. (8 -J)J)ԌMy parents hate it, because I am home all the time. They just get frustrated with all the phone calls.