energy assessment
determine the boundaries of the study
- house construction
- transportation and house
- neighborhood, transportation and house
determine energy costs
- equivalents - expended energy
- BTU, kcal, KWatthr, J
- energy-conversion-factors.html
- equivalents in embedded energy
- see the tables 1 and 5 - Nishioka
- example interrelations
- window - materials to make the window vs. the R factor (resistance )
determine CO2
- Kyoto treaty would make this beneficial for some countries
- ecological footprint analysis of a road as an example
- difficulties with these estimates
- CO2 to make a tree (Nishioka pg 130) 1.47 kgC go into making 1 kg C as wood
- How do you count the credits for burning renewable energy?
compare results to other studies
- Nishioka Table 8
process assumptions
- models can be used to estimate and analyze
- impact of a house is determined by the energy used to construct it and to run it
- list more
detailed assumptions
- what the client wants
- Ann Arbor 228 m^2
- Sapporo 85 to 205 m^2 (average 148 m^2)
- energy use will stay the same with time
- lifetime of the construction
- Ann Arbor - 50 years
- Sapporo (Is it 30 (page 120) or 50 years (table 6)?)
Keolian, Gregory A., Steven Blanchard and Peter Reppe. 2000. Life-cycle energy, costs, and strategies for improving a single-family house. Journal of Industrial Ecology. 4(2):135-156. <local link only keolian-etal-2000.pdf>
Nishioka, Yurika, Yukio Yanagisawa and John D. Spengler. 2000. Saving Energy versus Saving Materials: Life-cycle inventory analysis of housing in a cold-climate region of Japan. Journal of Industrial Ecology 4(1):119-135. <local link only- nishioka-etal-2000.pdf>