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What's New?

GAO Examines the Costs and Other Impacts from the Growing Number of Vacant Properties in American Communities
December 6, 2011. The Government Accountability Office has issued a report examining the dramatic growth in vacant properties from 2000 to 2010, during which time, the report finds, 10 states saw and increase of some 70% with a range of increased costs and other impacts on the nations cities. The report examines a range of cites and states, but most importantly seeks to determine the types of impacts on local communities that have not been resolved by financial institutions or federal agencies that have one or another involvement with those properties.
.Read the report.

Jefferson County (Birmingham) Bankruptcy Raises Questions About Local Government Bankruptcy Proceedings
November 11, 2011. Jefferson County, Alabama, which is home to the important city of Birmingham, has filed for Chapter 9 bankruptcy, following on a large, troubled sewer project and other difficulties. This is the latest in a series of bankruptcies filed by local governments, including Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, Central Falls, Rhode Island, Hamtramck, Michigan, and Vallejo, California. Vallejo has recently come out of bankruptcy and the city has made available a website with information on that bankruptcy, including the docket information both as to the bankruptcy and also the legal challenges to it. This information may be of interest not only because of that case, but also as an indicator of the types of issues and problems that can arise in a local government bankruptcy.
   The items below include the sites that provide the historical information as well as the plan of adjustment of debts for Vallejo that was produced in July and the court's order issued by Judge Michael S. McManus approving the plan with amendments as of August 2, 2011. The order attaches the final plan as Exhibit 1 to the order.
   In the case of Harrisburg, Pennsylania, the state took a more direct involvement, passing legislation providing for state action in the event of financially distressed municipalities entitled: "'An act empowering the Department of Community Affairs to declare certain municipalities as financially distressed; providing for the restructuring of debt of financially distressed municipalities; limiting the ability of financially distressed municipalities to obtain government funding; authorizing municipalities to participate in Federal debt adjustment actions and bankruptcy actions under certain circumstances; and providing for consolidation or merger of contiguous municipalities to relieve financial distress,' further providing for purpose and legislative intent; providing for fiscal emergencies in third class cities and for receivership for third class cities; and making editorial changes."
   Finally, the bankruptcy filing for Jefferson County, Alabama, the county press release on the filing, and the website with other documents are provided below.
   .Access the city of Vallejo bankruptcy website with a wide range of information.
   .Access the bankruptcy docket sheet showing the history of the Vallejo bankruptcy.
   .Read the Vallejo Plan for Adjustment of Debts as Amended July 15, 2011.
   .Read the Order of the Court Confirming the City of Vallejo Second Plan as Amended August 2, 2011 with the final plan attached.
   .Read Pennsylvania's SB 1151 Providing for Actions on Financially Distressed Communities.
   .Read Harrisburg Mayor's Response to the Governor's declaration of a Fiscal Emergency in Harrisburg under SB 1151.
   .Read Consent Agreement Process Required Under Financial Emergency legislation as announced by the City of Harrisburg.
   .Access the website on the Harrisburg Bankruptcy.
   .Access Harrisburg's Bankruptcy Petition filed 10/11/11.
   .Access the Jefferson County Bankruptcy Petition.
   .Read the Jefferson County Press Release on the Bankruptcy Filing.
   .Access the Jefferson County website on Bankruptcy Documents.

Supreme Court Rules on Right to Petition Claim by Police Chief
June 28, 2011. Justice Kennedy wrote for the Court in No. 09-1476, Borough of Duryea v. Guarnieri, a case concerning a claim by a local government employee based not on the free speech clause of the First Amendment, but on the right to petition also protected under that part of the Bill of Right. The Court' s opinion rejected the argument that the petition clause provides even broader protection for employee speech than the free speech provision and cautioned courts that: "Unrestrained application of the Petition Clause in the context of government employment would subject a wide range of government operations to invasive judicial superintendence." Slip opinion at 10.
.Read the opinion.

Supreme Court Finds that Individuals Can Have Standing to Make a Federalism Argument Against Federal Statutes
June 14, 2011. In an opinion for a unanimous Supreme Court in Bond v. United States, Justice Kennedy reversed a Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit ruling that denied standing to a woman who sought to challenge a federal statute on federalism grounds. The Supreme Court concluded that since the woman was convicted and imprisoned under the federal law, she had standing to assert that the congressional enactment violated federalism limitations. The Court rejected the argument that she was attempting to assert the legal position which the state itself was required to put forward, a variation on the so-called prudential standing rule. In so doing, Kennedy took the opportunity to present an essay on the importance of federalism as a protection for individual freedoms.
Interestingly, the United States switched positions during the case and argued that the woman did have standing. Thus, the Court appointed an amicus curiae Stephen McAllister to defend the position of the lower court.
.Read the opinion.

U.S. Supreme Court Reverses State Supreme Court and Upholds Nevada Conflict of Interest Law
June 14, 2011. The U.S. Supreme Court has upheld a Nevada conflict of interest law, reversing a state court decision that had struck down the statute on First Amendment grounds. In a case concerning a Sparks, Nevada councilman who voted for a new casino project despite the fact that his campaign manager was being paid as a consultant on an ongoing basis by the casino's developer, the Court rejected the constitutional challenge to the state law.
   Even before it would address the issue whether the statute was overbroad in violation of the First Amendment, Justice Scalia wrote, it was necessary to determine "whether legislators have a personal First Amendment right to vote on any given matter." Nevada Commission on Ethics v. Carrigan, No. 10-568, Slip opinion at 1. Additionally, the state statute prevented anyone who was prohibited from voting on a matter because of the ethics violation from participating in the debate on the matter by advocating its passage. Justice Scalia wrote that: "If Carrigan was constitutionally excluded from voting, his exclusion from 'advocat[ing]' at the legislative session was a reasonable time, place and manner limitation." Id. at 4.
   Scalia explained there is a fundamental reason that a restriction on the ability of the council member to vote on a matter is a not a violation of his or her First Amendment rights. "The answer is that a legislator's vote is the commitment of his apportioned share of the legislature's power to the passage or defeat of a particular proposal. The legislative power this committed is not personal to the legislator but belongs to the people; the legislator has no personal right to it." Id. at 8. And on that ground, the Court reversed that state court ruling.
   Read the opinion.

Resources for Managers in Transition
June 9, 2011. The volatility in the current economic and political environment as well as the normal political changes in communities all contribute to the fact that many local government managers are in transition. The following resources have been developed by ICMA and various state associations.
   . Read suggestions for managers in transition from the Oklahoma City Managers Association Website.
   . Read the Illinois City/County Management Association Guide for Managers in Transition.
   . Read the Iowa City/County Managers Association Guide for Manages in Transition.
   . ICMA Summary of State Sponsored Member in Transition Programs.
   . Read ICMA Tips From Members in Transition.
   . Read ICMA "A Guiding Light for Members in Transition."
   . Read the Minnesota City/County Mgmt Assn Transition Guidebook.

GAO Issues New State and Local Fiscal Outlook Report
April 7, 2011. The Government Accountability Office has issued its most recent update on its State and Local Governments' Fiscal Outlook report.
. Read the GAO Report.

New ADA Rules Take Effect
March 17, 2011. The U.S. Department of Justice announced that new regulations under the Americans with Disabilities Act would take effect on March 15. The rules concern Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Disability in State and Local Government Services and Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Disability by Public Accommodations and in Commercial Facilities. For more information and links to the new regulations, go to the Civil Rights page of this website.

Control Over Local Government Websites: The Government Speech Doctrine
March 1, 2011. As local governments spend more time and effort communicating and interacting with citizens through their websites and social media connections, the inevitable questions arise concerning the authority of those governments to limit access to the sites through city or county website policies and administrative decisions. There is very little case law on the subject, but the U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals for the First Circuit issued an opinion in the case of Sutliffe v. Epping School District that upheld a decision by the city and the school district to refuse to add a link to its website to a local advocacy group's website. The ruling was based largely on the U.S. Supreme Court's 2009 decision in Pleasant Grove City v. Summum, 129 S.Ct. 1125. The court in Sutliffe emphasized the Supreme Court's discussion of "government speech" as allowing discretion to refuse access to the site in the face of a claim by the advocacy group that the local government website was a "public forum" and that refusal to allow access to it was viewpoint based discrimination in violation of the First Amendment.
. Read the First Circuit's Sutliffe opinione.
. Read the Supreme Court's Summum opinion.

Court of Appeals Upholds Ruling Against Hazleton, Pennsylvania Ordinances on Immigrants
October 9, 2010. The U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit has issued a long awaited ruling affirming the decision of the federal district court for the middle district of Pennslvania in a case brought by Latino residents of Hazleton, Pennsylvania, striking down ordinances adopted by that community during 2006. The ordinances were purportedly aimed at undocumented immigrants, but they were applied to some hispanic residents whether they were citizens, permanent residents, or undocumented immigrants, and to employers and landlords as well. Judge James M. Munley found the ordinances violated the Article VI supremacy clause of the U.S. Constitution, the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, and 42 U.S.C. Section1981, as well as some provisions of state law.
. Read the Third Circuit opinion.
. Read the Lozano v. City of Hazleton Opinion.

GAO Report Analyzes Fiscal Pressures' Effects on Intergovernmental Programs
August 16, 2010. The Government Accountability Office has issued a report that goes in a slightly different direction from some other reports on the impact of economic models to consider the impacts on the operation of intergovernmental programs from the current and projected economic pressures. "All levels of government face long-term fiscal challenges which could affect future federal funding of intergovernmental programs, as well as the potential capacity of state and local governments to help fund and implement these programs. The interconnectedness which defines intergovernmental programs requires that officials at all levels of government remain aware of of and ready to respond to fiscal pressures." Highlights, p. 1
Access the GAO report.

California Attorney General Launches Investigation Into Bell, California Pay Scandal
June 29, 2010. The California Attorney General, Edmund G. Brown, Jr., has launched civil and criminal investigations into the pay scandal in Bell, California. His office has issued a subpoena for city records as part of those probes. The subpoena is posted below.
   The International City/County Management Association (ICMA) has released a statement on the situation. In it, Executive Director Robert O'Neill said: "ICMA firmly believes that excessive compensation packages during a time in which local governments are struggling to provide essential services to communities are damaging to the public trust and to the local government management profession." The statement also refers those interested to the ICMA ethics webpage.
   Access the Subpoena for Bell City Records.
   Read the Attorney General's Announcement of the Investigation.
   Read the ICMA statement on the Bell situation .
   Access the ICMA Ethics Webpage.

Supreme Court Rejects Illegal Search and Seizure Claim in Public Employee Text Messaging Case
June 17, 2010. The Supreme Court has issued its long awaited ruling in the City of Ontarion v. Quon, rejecting claims by the police officer and those who sent messages to him that the review of the transcripts of the texts sent and received on city equipment without a warrant and after assurances that the employees could use the devices for personal messages was not an unreasonable search in violation of the Fourth Amendment. For more information, see the Local Government page of this website.
   The case came from the U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. It concerns the city's actions accessing the private text messages sent by a police sergeant using a city text messaging system and raises Fourth Amendment questions about the limits, if any, on the city's ability to access text messages. The Ninth Circuit denied the city's request for a review en banc, but Judge Wardlaw issued a sharply worded opinion concurring in the denial of en banc review and responding to the dissent by Judge Ikuta to the ruling of the three judge panel. The oral argument transcript, briefs, and other materials are posted below.
   Access the City of Ontario v. Quon Opinon.
   Read the Oral Argument Transcript.
   Read the brief for the City of Ontario.
   Read the brief for the Respondents.
   Read U.S. Amicus Curiae brief.
   Access Supreme Court docket sheet for the Case.
   Access the opinion on the Merits in the Ninth Circuit.
   Access the Denial of Rehearing En Banc with Wardlaw Concurring Opinion.

Supreme Court Rejects Florida Property Takings Claim
June 17, 2010. Although Justice Scalia, writing for the Court in Stop the Beach Renourishment v. Florida Department of Environmental Protection found that judicial decisions could be considered takings under the Fifth Amendment prohibition against taking of property without just compensation, he concluded that the Florida courts had not taken property from beachfront property owners in ruling against them with respect to challenges to beachfront protection property and development policies.
Access the Stop the Beach Renourishment v. Florida Department of Environmental Protection opinion.

FCC Issues National Broadband Policy Proposal
March 16, 2010. The Federal Communications Commission has submitted a national broadband plan to the Congress. In its report entitled Connecting America: The National Broadband Plan, the FCC found that: "Nearly 100 million Americans lack broadband at home, and 14 million Americans do not have access to broadband even if they want it. Only 42 percent of people with disabilities use broadband at home, while as few as 5 percent of people living on Tribal lands have access." The plan indicates and intention to address those and other related conditions
   Access the FCC National Broadband Plan.
   Access the Executive Summary of the Broadband Plan.
   Access the FCC News Release on the plan.

GAO Publishes State and Local Fiscal Outlook March 2010 Update
March 4, 2010. The Government Accountability Office has issued its latest update on the projections for the State and Local Fiscal Outlook. The view remains pessimistic, largely because of concerns that recent stresses have been mitigated somewhat by Recovery Act funds that are not permanent and because of continued increases in health care costs.
Access the Report.

GAO Continues Efforts to Report on Recovery Act Funds and Accountability
December 10, 2009. The GAO has issued the latest in its series of reports on state and local government use of Recovery Act funds and accountability efforts.
Access the Report.

GAO Issues Report on Local and State Government Uses of Recovery Act Funds
September 17, 2009. The Government Accountability Office has issued a report on "States' and Localities' Current and Planned Uses of Funds While Facing Fiscal Stresses." This report examines the federal funds to date to these governments.
Access the Report.

School Districts and Cities Seek "Race to the Top" and "Fiscal Stabilization" Funds
July 24, 2009. The President and the Secretary of State have announced recovery funds to be made available as state stabilization grants and for what the administration calls the "Race to the Top Program." The receipt of funds is tied to commitments by states and school districts to the administration's evaluation of student progress and teacher pay for performance requirements. The Department of Education has released the notices with a comment period which will be, but have not yet been published in the Federal Register.
   Access Dept. of Ed. Notice on the Program and Criteria for Race to the Top Funds.
   Access Dept. of Ed. Notice on the Program and Criteria for Fiscal Stabilization Funds.
   Access the Secretary of Education's Comments on Annuouncement of the Race to the Top program.
   President Obama's Remarks at the Announcement of the Race to the Top Funds Program .

PEW Trust Issues Report on City Budget Balancing Efforts in Recessions
July 22, 2009. The Philadelphia Research Initiative of the Pew Charitable Trusts has published a report entitled Tough Decisions and Limited Options: How Philadelphia and Other Cities are Balancing Budgets in a Time of Recession. The report considers the tendency to avoid tax measures and use human resource constraints to deal with the challenges, but considers an alternative approach.
Access the Report.

Supreme Court Delivers Ruling in the New Haven Firefighters Case
June 29, 2009. The Supreme Court has delivered its opinion in the Ricci v. DeStefano case, concerning the New Haven, Connecticut firefighters promotion test. The 5-4 ruling was delivered by Justice Kennedy, striking the city's decision not to use the results of the test for promotions. Justice Ginsburg wrote for the four dissenters, warning that the Court had ignored law, history, and the clear facts of the New Haven case. For more information and for the opinions in the case, see the Civil Rights page of this website.

President Issues Memorandum on Preemption
May 22, 2009. President Obama has issued a memorandum cautioning federal agencies against inappropriate use of preemption powers. Specifically, the memorandum states in part that: "1. Heads of departments and agencies should not include in regulatory preambles statements that the department or agency intends to preempt State law through the regulation except where preemption provisions are also included in the codified regulation. 2. Heads of departments and agencies should not include preemption provisions in codified regulations except where such provisions would be justified under legal principles governing preemption, including the principles outlined in Executive Order 13132. 3. Heads of departments and agencies should review regulations issued within the past 10 years that contain statements in regulatory preambles or codified provisions intended by the department or agency to preempt State law, in order to decide whether such statements or provisions are justified under applicable legal principles governing preemption. Where the head of a department or agency determines that a regulatory statement of preemption or codified regulatory provision cannot be so justified, the head of that department or agency should initiate appropriate action, which may include amendment of the relevant regulation."
Access the Presidential Memorandum.

Intergovernmental Agreements Resources
May 16, 2009. One of the most important aspects of contemporary local governance is the development and operation of various types of intergovernmental and interlocal agreements. It is increasingly common for states to have IGA statutes, but they vary widely as to the types and forms of IGAs among local governments and between local governments and other organizations. Tribal governments also have adopted policies on IGAs with state or local governments. The Washington Municipal Research and Services Center (MRSC) provides excellent resources on the subject, including a wide array of sample agreement of various types. The City of Vancouver, Washington, like a number of other communities, posts its current intergovernmental agreements on its Internet Site.
   Access the MRSC Washington Intergovernment Cooperation Resources.
   Access MRSC Sample IGA Agreements.
   Access the Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde Ordinance on IGAs.
   Access City of Vancouver, WA Interlocal Agreements Page.

Municipal E-Governance Report Issued
May 12, 2009. The E-Governance Institute of the School of Public Affairs and Administration at Rutgers University, Newark, and the Department of Public Administration at San Francisco State University in cooperation with the Public Technology Institute, have issued a report entitled U.S. Minicipalities E-Governance Report (2008): An Assessment of Municipal Websites. The press release indicates that: "The survey evaluated municipal websites in the areas of privacy, usability, content, service, and citizen participation and ranked the cities nationally. . . . [T]he study listed the following cities among the top five in digital governance: Washington, D.C., Portland, Oregon, and New York, New Orleans, and Los Angeles. These cities will be awarded the Municipal Web Portal Excellence Awards at the Public Technology Institute�s Technology Solutions and Innovations Conference."
Access the survey report.

Oregon Legislature Revises Ethics Disclosure Law
April 15, 2009. Reacting to complaints about the previous ethics law that many local volunteer officials considered excessively intrusive and burdensome and not really relevant to their offices or their actions, the state legislature has adopted SB 30 which reduces some reporting requirements and makes other changes. Fore more information and to access the legislation, see the Oregon page of this website.

GAO Provides A Report on Single Audits by Federal Agencies of State and Local Grants
April 10, 2009. The GAO has provided a report entitled "Single Audit: Opportunities Exist to Improve the Single Audit Process and Oversight" aimed at determining how well federal agencies are doing at implementing the requirements of the Single Audit Act with respect to grants to state and local governments.
Access the report.

Oregon Senate Passes Tort Liability Amendments
February 27, 2009. The Oregon Senate has passed SB 311 which amendments the Oregon Tort Liability Act and has sent the bill to the House. The bill increases liability limits on state and local governments and their employees. For more information and the text of the legislation, go to the Oregon page of this website.

Supreme Court Rejects Demand to Allow Monument to be Placed in City Park
February 25, 2009. The long awaited ruling in a local government free speech case was delivered today in an opinion by Justice Alito. As Alito explained the matter: "This case presents the question whether the Free Speech Clause of the First Amendment entitles a private group to insist that a municipality permit it to place a permanent monument in a city park in which other donated monuments were previously erected. The Court of Appeals held that the municipality was required to accept the monument because a public park is a traditional public forum. We conclude, however, that although a park is a traditional public forum for speeches and other transitory expressive acts, the display of a permanent monument in a public park is not a form of expression to which forum analysis applied. Instead, the placement of a permanent monument in a public park is best viewed as a form of government speech and is therefore not subject to scrutiny under the Free Speech Clause." Pleasant Grove City v. Summum, No. 07-665, Slip opinion at 1. There were four concurring opinions, but no dissent.
Access the opinion.

OMB Issues Implementation Guidance for the Stimulus Package
February 23, 2009. The Office of Management and Budget has issued a memorandum to executive agencies and departments entitled "Initial Implementing Guidance for the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009.
   The House and Senate passed the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 and it has been signed by the president as P.L. 111-5. The final bill is a modified version of the Collins-Nelson Amendment (570) which was an amendment in the nature of a substitute which completely replaced the legislation that previously passed theU.S. House of Representatives. The GPO has not yet published P.L. 111-5 in public law format, but the law is available in the bill number format as adopted by both houses and signed by the president.
   Access the OMB Initital Implementation Guidance.
   Access the bill as passed by the house and Senate.

GAO Reports on Local and State Government Fiscal Challenges from Health Care Issues
November 19, 2008. The Government Accountability Office has provided testimony to the Senate Finance Committee on the threats to state and local government fiscal wellbeing from rising health care costs. Stanley Czerwinski, Director of the GAO Strategic Issues unit provided evidence to Congress that "Rapidly rising health care costs are not simply a federal budget problem. Growth in health-related spending also drives the fiscal challenges facing state and local governments. The magnitude of these challenges presents long-term sustainability challenges for all levels of government." Summary p. 1. The testimony provides an analysis on long -term and as well as near-term issues.
Read the GAO testimony.

U.S. Supreme Court Lets Favorable Tax Treatment for State and Local Bonds Stand
May 21, 2008. In a long-awaited ruling on a seemingly arcane subject, the Surpeme Court has upheld a state tax policy that allowed tax policy under which it exempts interest on bonds issued by the state and its local governments from taxation, but taxes interest from bonds issued in other states. The Kentucky policy was challenged as a violation of the domant commerce clause of Article I of the Constitution. However, in his opinion for the Court (except for part III-B which was not ), Justice Souter found that the state tax law did not violate the commerce clause. While the Justice scattered in terms of their various concurring positions, there were only two dissents, filed by Justices Kennedy and Alito.
Read the Dept. of Revenue of Ky v. Davis ruling.

GAO Releases New Study on State and Local Employee Retirement Benefits
November 19, 2007. The Government Accountability Office has released a study, entitled State and Local Government Retiree Benefits: Current Status of Benefit Structures, Protections, and Fiscal Outlook for Funding Future Costs. More accurately, this is a corrected version of a study initially issued in September. The study addressed "(1) the types of state and local returee benefits provided and how they are structured, (2) how state and local returee benefits are protected and managed, and (3) the fiscal outlook for state and local retiree benefits and what governments are doing to ensure they can meet their future commitments." (p. 2)
Read the GAO Report

Washington Supreme Court Strikes Down Property Tax Limitation Measure.
November 8, 2007. The Supreme Court of Washington struck down the one percent property tax increase limitation measure in a case brought by the group Citizens Action for Washington. The governor and state legislature have promised to take legislative action to provide a limitation through legislative means.
Read the Washington Supreme Court Majority Opinion
Read the Washington Supreme Court Dissenting Opinion

U.S. Government Accountability Office Issues Report Identifying A Need for Better Homeland Security Information Sharing with State and Local Governments.
May 10, 2007. The GAO has issued a reporting, finding a lack of effective information sharing with state and local governments in homeland security matters even in the 8 separate information systems administered by the Department of Homeland Security that are designed to ensure intergovernment information sharing.
Read the GAO Report

Supreme Court Upholds Solid Waste Flow Control Ordinance that Favors Public Benefit Corporation.
May 2, 2007. The U.S. Supreme Court has upheld a flow control ordinance that requires solid waste haulers to take the materials to facilities operated by a public benefit corporation. This case, United Haulers Assn. v. Oneida-Herkimer Solid Waste Management Authority, No. 05-1345, draws a substantial distinction between such ordinances that favor private solid waste firms, which were struck down in an earlier decision, C&A Carbone v. Clarkston, 511 U.S. 383 (1994), and those that require movement of the waste to publicly created organizations. The Court rejected claims that this upstate New York ordinance violated by the so-called dormant commerce clause of Article I of the U.S. Constitution. Writing for a framented majority (four justices on all parts of the opinion, Scalia on two, and Thomas concurring in the judgement), Chief Justice Roberts said: "Disposing of trash has been a traditional government activity for years, and laws that favor the government in such areas -- but treat every private business, whether in-state or out-of-state, exactly the same -- do not discriminate against interstate commerce for purposes of the Commerce Clause." Slip opinion, at 1.
Read the Opinion

Local Government Eminent Domain Authority for Economic Development Purposes Reaffirmed in New London Case.
June 23, 2005. The Supreme Court has reaffirmed the authority of state and local governments to use eminent doman powers to take property for the purpose of economic development, reaffirming authority that has been in place since the Supreme Court's Berman v. Parker ruling of 1954. The case, Kelo v. City of New London, concerned a New London, Connecticut effort to acquire property in support of a economic development commitment by a private firm predicated on the ability to have the targeted property. There had been questions by property rights advocates as to whether the Court would use this case as an opportunity to limit eminent domain powers, but the Court refused to take that course.
Read the Opinion

Information for Students and Others New to Local Government Administration

ICMA Local Government Management Fellowships
Access Fellowship Information.

U.S. Based Associations

International City/County Management Association
http://www.icma.org/go.cfm

National Association of Counties
http://www.naco.org/naco/index.htm

National League of Cities
Access the NLC Homepage

Government Finance Officers Association
http://www.gfoa.org/index.php?option=com_frontpage&Itemid=220

American Public Works Association
Access the APWA Homepage

Oregon City/County Management Association
For a Full List of Oregon Local Government Organizations, Click on the Oregon Button on the The Left Hand Side of this Page
http://www.occma.org

Vermont League of Cities and Towns
http://www.vlct.org/

California City Management Foundation
Home Page

Texas City Management Association
http://www.tcma.org/

California Special District Association
http://www.csda.net/

Colorado Special District Association
http://www.sdaco.org/

Florida Special District Association
http://www.fasd.com/

Oregon Special Districts Association
http://www.sdao.com/

Utah Association of Special Districts

      Recruiting and Selecting a City Manager
      http://www.tcma.org/
      http://www.tcma.org/jobs_checklist.html

Local Government Resources

U.S. State & Local Gateway
http://www.statelocal.gov/

State and Local Government on the Net
http://www.piperinfo.com/state/index.cfm