SOURCES OF FOREIGN POLICY

IN EAST ASIA

• History

• nationalism: anti-foreignism, anti-imperialism, self-centeredness, national pride (sensitivity, vulnerability)

• forced openings

• ambivalence toward “the West”

• dependence and the Marxist alternative

• revolution

• unresolved grievances

• Geography

• Cold War politics

• Status consciousness

• Domestic political institutions and culture

• Development/Modernization