FROM TRADITION TO REVOLUTION

SOCIAL ANALYSIS: FROM METAPHYSICS TO MATERIALISM

• FROM THE “MANDATE OF HEAVEN” TO SOCIAL PRACTICE

• THEORY AND PRACTICE

• “GETTING OFF ONE’S HORSE”

• FROM SYSTEM MAINTENANCE TO FANSHEN

• CLASSES, CONTRADICTIONS, AND CLASS STRUGGLE

ASSESSING CHINA:

• A SEMI-COLONY

• URBAN VERSUS RURAL CHINA: BUREAUCRACY, GENTRY, INTELLECTUALS, PEASANTS

• “POOR AND BLANK”; NEED FOR “TUTELAGE”

SCOPE OF CHANGE: REFORM OR REVOLUTION?

• THE NON-COMMUNIST PATH: LU XUN, HU SHI, ANARCHISTS

• MARXISM’S MEANING

• PROGRAM: LAND REFORM AND RENT REDUCTION

LOYALTY: CLAN AND LINEAGE VS. STATE AND COLLECTIVE

• ORIGINS OF NATIONALISM: MAY 4 AND AFTER

• DICTATORSHIP AND “THE PEOPLE”

ORGANIZATION:

• CENTRAL AND LOCAL ELITES VS. COMMUNIST PARTY & ARMY

• ZAOFAN YOU LI

THE GOAL: A NEW POLITICAL CULTURE