MAJOR CHANGES IN INT’L POLITICAL
ECONOMY
SINCE
1945
|
During the Cold War |
Post-Cold War |
|
Liberal
trading order: BrettonWoods, 1944 |
One-world
system: GATT/WTO |
|
Revival
of Germany and Japan |
Germany
& Japan as economic powerhouses |
|
3 worlds, 2 superpowers US
hegemony: dollar and bomb |
4
or 5 worlds, 1 superpower; econ. multipolarity. |
|
Isolated
China, Soviet empire |
China
rising, Russia imploding |
|
Complex
interdependence emerging |
Complex
interdependence evolved into “globalization” |
|
Geopolitics: “National
security” based on ideology, alliances, big-power proxy interventionism,
military power. |
Geoeconomics: “National security” based increasingly on
economic, technology, information, labor, resource base. |
|
Bilateralism,
subordinate nationalism |
bilateralism
and multilateralism; nationalism and transnationalism |
|
Third
World: debt crisis and revolution |
ethnic,
religious, nationalist crises; fragmentation and integration |
|
cartels
(OPEC) |
regionalism
(APEC, NAFTA) and regionalization (growth triangles) |
|
preeminence
of international politics |
preeminence
of domestic politics |